日积月累－－我想翻译PSCAD相关文档
准备慢慢翻译PSCAD相关文档有翻译的不当的地方，请大家批评指正
可不要笑我哦
序号：1
今天是关于PSCAD的FAQ
http://pscad.com/site.pl?cmd=display_page&display_page=56
第一部分 PSCAD FAQ
PSCAD Frequently Asked Questions
What is PSCAD?
What is EMTDC?
What is PSCAD?for?
What are the minimum system requirements for PSCAD?
PSAD常见问题
PSCAD是什么？
EMTDC是什么？
PSCAD是用来做什么的？
PSCAD的最低系统需求是什么？
1. What is PSCAD?
PSCAD?/b> stands for Power Systems Computer Aided Design, and represents a family of power system simulation products. Presently, it is used as a Graphical User Interface for the EMTDC? transients' instantaneous solution engine.
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1.PSCAD是什么？
PSCAD代表电力系统计算机辅助设计（Power Systems Computer Aided Design）和电力系统仿真产品家族。 现在它用来作为EMTDC的图形用户界面（GUI）,EMTDC是暂态瞬时求解引擎。
2. What is EMTDC?
EMTDC?/b> stands for ElectroMagnetic Transients including DC. The beginning lines of EMTDC code were written by Dennis Woodford in 1975, who wrote it because existing tools were incapable of studying the Manitoba Hydro Nelson River HVDC Power System in Manitoba, Canada. The program has evolved since then and is now used ally developed solution methods to increase simulation and accuracy. EMTDC?was initially used on mainframe computers and required punch cards, but was ported to PC's and Unix systems in 1986.
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2.EMTDC是什么？
EMTDC代表直流电磁暂态（ElectroMagnetic Transients including DC）。 EMTDC刚开始的一些代码是由Dennis Woodford在1975年编写的，他写这些代码是因为现有的工具不能用于研究位于加拿大马尼托巴省的马尼托巴尼尔逊河水电厂的高压直流电力系统。该程序从此开始发展，现在用联合开发的求解方法来加快仿真和增加其准确性。EMTDC最初用于大型计算机并且需要穿孔卡片，到了1986年将其移植到了PC机和Unix 系统中。
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
此处Port 翻译为移植 序号：2
3. What is PSCAD?for?
PSCAD?becomes an indispensable tool for a variety of power system designs and studies. It is a multi-purpose tool. It is equally capable in the areas of power electronic design and simulation, power quality analysis, and electrical utility system planning studies.
3.PSCAD是用来做什么的？
PSCAD成为各种电力系统设计和研究不可获缺的工具，它是一种多用途的工具，在电力电力设计与仿真、电能质量分析和电力系统规划研究领域中都有同样的能力。
As electrical power and power electronic systems become more prevalent in electric vehicles, ships, trains, and distributed generation systems, the need for easy-to-use and accurate simulation and modeling tools becomes ever more important. It is easier and much less expensive to design and optimize electrical devices and systems prior to prototyping or manufacturing. Thus, PSCAD?is becoming a true Power System Computer-Aided Design tool for a variety of industry applications.
随着电力和电力电子系统在电动车、电动船、电气列车和分布式发电系统中越来越普遍，对于易用和精确的仿真与建模工具的需求变得更加紧要。在原型机制造或生产之前对电气设备进行设计和优化变得更容易且花费更少。因此，PSCAD正在不同的工业应用中成为可靠的电力系统计算机辅助设计工具。
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
prior to译为在...之前 true译为可靠的important译为紧要
PSCAD?users include engineers and technologists from energy utilities, electrical equipment manufacturers, engineering consulting firms, and research and academic institutions. PSCAD?in used in the planning, design, and operational phases of power systems. It is also very prevalent in power system research around the world.
PSCAD的用户包括能量管理的工程师和技术人员、电气设备制造商、咨询公司的工程师和研究和学术机构。PSCAD被用于电力系统的规划、设计和操作阶段中，在全世界的电力系统研究中应用也很普遍。 序号：3
Some typical examples of how PSCAD?can be applied to better understand electrical power systems are:
怎样用PSCAD来更好地理解电力系统的一些典型例子是：
to find over-voltages in a power system due to a fault condition (incorporates transformer non-linearities; provides multiple-run capability to determine best/worst-case scenarios in terms of location of fault, point-on-wave of the fault, and type of fault).
在故障条件下（并入非线性变压器；根据故障的位置、故障的波形和故障类型来提供多种运行能力从而决定其最好和最差条件）去寻找电力系统中的过电压
to find over-voltages in a power system due to an event such as a lightning strike (accommodates a nano-second time step).
寻找由于事故，比如雷击（适应纳秒级时间步长）而引起的电力系统过电压
to find the harmonics generated by virtually any power electronic device or system, including STATCOM's, HVDC transmission links, SVC's, and machine drives (provides accurate models of the power electronic switching devices such as thyristors, GTO's, IGBT's, diodes, etc.; includes detailed analog and digital control system models).
寻找由实际的任何电力电子设备或电力系统产生的谐波，其中包括STATCOM、HVCD传输联络线、SVC和电机驱动产生的谐波。（提供电力电子开关设备如晶闸管，GTO，IGBT，二极管等的精确模型；包括详细的模拟和数字控制系统模型）
to investigate and mitigate the pulsing effects of diesel generators and wind turbines, as well as other devices on the overall electric power grid.
调查研究与缓和柴油发电机和风力发电机的脉动效应，还有电力网中的所有其他设备。
to find the maximum energy in a surge arrester for a given electrical disturbance.
寻找给定电气干扰时电涌放电器中的最大能量。
to design and fine tune control systems to optimize performance.
这句中不知如何翻译 序号：4
to investigate the sub-synchronous response (SSR) impact when a machine and multi-mass turbine interact with power electronic equipment or series compensated transmission lines.
研究当电机和多质量汽轮机与电力电子设备或串联补偿的传输线相互作用时的次同步冲击响应
to model voltage source converters (VSC) or STATCOMs along with their detailed control systems models.
建模电压源换流器或STATCOM及其详细的控制系统模型。
to investigate power system instabilities created by harmonic resonance or control system interactions.
研究由于谐波谐振或控制系统交互作用引起的电力系统不稳定。
to perform insulation co-ordination studies.
完成绝缘配合的研究
to design and simulate variable speed drives of many types including cyclo-converters and electric vehicle and ship propulsion system drives.
设计和仿真多种类型的变速驱动，其中包括周波变换器和电动车船推进器系统的驱动。
to design industrial systems, such as compensation controllers, power electronic drives, electric furnaces, and filters.
设计工业系统，比如补偿控制器、电力电子驱动、电炉和滤波器。
to study the transient and harmonic impact of distributed generation systems such as wind and micro-turbine systems on the power grid.
研究分布式发电系统的暂态和谐波的影响，比如电网中的风力和微型燃气轮机系统 。
to study and mitigate capacitor switching transients.
研究和缓和电容器的开关暂态。
to study the system impact of transmission line imbalances during contingency periods.
研究在故障期间传输线不平衡对系统的影响
PSCAD?is a multi-purpose power system simulator and can thus be used for any scenario where a detailed understanding of the full time domain of analysis is beneficial. This includes the design and modeling of virtually any electrical power system.
PSCAD是一个多用途的电力系统仿真器，因而可以用于任何全部时域的分析有益于详细认识的场合。这包括对任何实际电力系统的设计和建模。 序号：5
4. What are the minimum system requirements for PSCAD?
The minimum system requirements for PSCAD?are as follows:
4.PSCAD的最低系统配置如何？
PSCAD的最低系统要求如下所述：
500 MHz Pentium II (3 GHz Pentium IV recommended).
Windows 2000 and Windows XP Pro SP2.
500MHz Pentium II（推荐3GHz奔腾4）
Windows 2000或Windows XP Pro SP2。
256 MB RAM (1 GB recommended).
500 MB free hard disk.
256MB 内存（推荐1GB）
500MB空闲硬盘
Optional Intel Visual Fortran V10, Intel Visual Fortran V9.0x compiler (plus Microsoft Visual C++.NET 2002 or 2003, or Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2002 or 2003 with C++ installed). A free GNU Fortran 77 compiler is provided, which is sufficient to run most cases in PSCAD, however, certain dimensioning limits will apply.
可选Intel Visual Fortran V10，Intel Visual Fortran V9.0x编译器（Microsoft Visual C++.NET 2002 或2003, 或 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2002 或 2003 并且安装了 C++）。免费提供的GNU Fortran 77编译器足以运行PSCAD中的多数例子，然而，会受到一定节点数的限制。
SVGA (800 x 600).
CD-ROM Drive / w 32-bit drivers
TCP/IP network protocol.
SVGA (800 x 600).
CD-ROM驱动器 / w 32位驱动
TCP/IP网络协议
As PSCAD/EMTDC?is numerically intensive, a faster processor with sufficient RAM is recommended for optimal performance.?br />
由于PSCAD/EMTDC属于运算集中型，所以建议用更快的处理器和充足的RAM来达到优良的性能。 序号：6
第二部分 PSCAD用户指南－－前言、目录等
一、封面
USER’S GUIDE on the use of PSCAD
PSCAD用户使用指南
PSCAD
Power Systems Computer Aided Design
PSCAD
电力系统计算机辅助设计
——————————————————————————————————————————————
二、版权页
Copyright 序号：7
三、前言
Foreword
前言
The evolution of the power system simulator is born from many forces. Some are
driven by the need to solve a problem while others have come directly from sci-
entific research. Over the last decade, the manipulation of increasingly complex
systems has been the driving force behind the graphical interface and its working
environment. Every year there is an increasing demand for more flexibility and
speed, taxing the software in every direction.
电力系统仿真器的革命在很多力量的推动下诞生的。一部分是出于解决问题的需要，而其他则直接来自科学研究。在过去的十年里，对日益复杂系统的处理推动着图形界面和其工作环境。每年日益增长的灵活性和速度上的要求，在方方页面使该软件承受着压力。
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tax翻译为使负重担，使受压力
I once read a quote, “To do the difficult task easily, you must do the simple tasks
perfectly.” Nowhere has this been more applicable as in the latest rendition of
PSCAD. The fundamentals have been revisited once again to ensure that they
perform precisely and consistently every time. Built on the strong foundation left
by the original creators of EMTDC some twenty years ago, the software has sol-
idly reached the ranks of world class. This by no means indicates that the tasks
are complete. Like the wave on a beachfront, there are always more to come.
我曾经读过一句引语,”要轻松地完成困难的任务，你必须完美地完成简单的任务。这对于最新的PSCAD再合适不过了。再次重复观测了其原理来确保每次精确并始终如一地执行。该软件建立在约20年前的原始创作者EMTDC的健壮基础上，已经稳稳达到了世界的水平。这决不表示任务已经完成了。就象海滨上的波浪，总有更多的波浪到来（这句不太好，不知如何翻译） 序号：8
As I look back on the last decade of development, the question of the next de-
cade moves into the light. Solutions are found in a montage of tools specifically
targeted for their domain. The distinction of these domains fades as the drive
toward a unified tool grows. Convergence forces us to view it not as waves on
rocks, soil and trees, but to consider it as a beach where all these forces interact.
Thus, tackling this convergence and creating a more powerful set of tools is the
next great challenge for the team and those that partner with us.
当我回首过去十年的发展，未来十年的问题都走进了光明。在特定工具在其领域内的目标可以找到答案。随着采用统一的工具，这些领域的特性褪也随之褪色。集中迫使我们不是把他看作岩石上的波浪、土壤和树木，而是把他看作所有这些力量相互作用的沙滩。然而，解决这个集中并且创建一个更强大的工具集是我们团队和合伙人未来更大的挑战
-------------------------
drive翻译为趋势
The many hours and hard work that has gone into the software over the last two
decades is hard to imagine. It has become and will continue to be the bedrock
of development for the future. In the next years, the many tools will form a nexus
point and change the nature of those solutions and how they are used once
again. I am proud to be a part of the last decade, working alongside all the great
contributors and look forward in earnest to the next.
在过去的二十年里，我们在软件中付出的辛勤劳动和大量的时间是难以想象的。它已经成为并且将继续成为未来开发的基石。在未来的几年里，许多工具会形成一个连接点，改变其求解的性能和如何再次进行利用。我为过去的二十年是团队的成员而感到自豪，与所有伟大的贡献者并排工作并且认真期待继续下去。
Craig Muller, P. Eng.
Software Development Manager
September 2005
Craig Muller, P. Eng.
软件开发管理者
2005年9月 序号：9
This masterpiece is dedicated to all the hardworking,
programmers, engineers, students, professors and support
staff who made this program possible.
此杰作献给所有辛勤工作者、程序员、工程师、学生、教授和可能对程序的完成有过支持的人们。
四、目录
(由于目录很长，所以只列出章节）
Table of Contents
About This Guide
Chapter 1: Welcome to PSCAD .........
Chapter 2: Installation and Setup ........
Chapter 3: Workspace Settings ....
Chapter 4: The PSCAD Environment .....
Chapter 5: Features and Operations .
Chapter 6: Online Plotting and Control .........
Chapter 7: Project Settings .....
Chapter 8: Tranmission Lines and Cables ........
Chapter 9: Designing Components ...
Chapter 10: PSCAD Script .....
Chapter 11: Debugging and Finalizing ...
Chapter 12: MATLAB 序号：10
About This Guide
The goal of this guide is to provide a comprehensive reference for
nstalling and using the PSCAD software. It is composed of a com-
bination of both newly written, as well as previously available mate-
ial from the PSCAD V3 Getting Started Manual and Online Help
System.
Information specific to certain models is not included here, but can
be found in the new PSCAD V4 Online Help System. The online
help system also includes this guide and the EMTDC User’s Guide.
For information on more advanced topics regarding simulating using
EMTDC, please see the EMTDC User’s Guide.
ORGANIZATION
The PSCAD User’s Guide is organized in the following manner:
• Chapter 1: Welcome to PSCAD briefly introduces the
PSCAD product, its use and development, what is new, and
also provides important information regarding both compiler
and PSCAD restrictions.
• Chapter 2: Installation and Set-up describes the
installation procedure for all platforms on which PSCAD
is supported. It also discusses hardware and software
requirements, License Manager and licensing, and provides
information on setting up workspace preferences once
installation is complete.
• Chapter 3: Workspace Settings describes all parameters
included within the Workspace Settings dialog window.
• Chapter 4: The PSCAD Environment describes the
new PSCAD look and feel, including new terminology and
features. This chapter also discusses using the Online Help
System, and provides a tutorial on creating a new project.
• Chapter 5: Features and Operations is essentially a ‘how
to’ guide, which outlines most of the basic features and
operations that are available in PSCAD V4. This chapter
关于本指南
对安装和使用PSCAD软件提供全面的参考是本指南的目标。它由新写的内容和以前PSCAD V3的入门手册和在线帮助系统中的可用资料组成。
这里不包括对于特定模型的详细信息，但是可以在新的PSCAD V4在线帮助系统中找到。在线帮助系统也包括了本指南和EMTDC用户指南。
关于用EMTDC仿真的更多高级主题，请参见EMTDC用户指南
组织
PSCAD用户指南按如下方式进行组织：
第1章：欢迎来到PSCAD简要介绍了PSCAD产品、其用法和发展、新内容，也提供了关于编译和PSCAD限制的重要信息。
第2章：安装和设置描述了PSCAD支持的所有平台上的安装过程。也讨论了硬件和软件的要求、许可证管理器和许可，一旦安装完成后设置工作空间偏好的一些信息
第3章：工作空间设置描述了包含在工作空间设置对话框中的所有参数。
第4章：PSCAD环境描述了PSCAD的新视野和感觉，其中包括新的拓扑结构和特性。本章也讨论了使用在线帮助系统和提供了一个创建新项目的教程。
第5章：特性和操作本质上是“该怎样”的指南，其中概括了PSCAD V4中可用的多数基本特性和操作。本章 序号：11
also includes a tutorial on creating a new project from
scratch.
Chapter 6: Online Plotting and Control provides details
on creating and using the new PSCAD V4 online plotting
tools. Creating and using the online controls and meters is
also discussed.
•Chapter 7: Project Settings describes all parameters
included within the Project Settings dialog window.
•Chapter 8: Transmission Lines and Cables provides
details on constructing and defining transmission corridors
for both overhead transmission lines, and underground cable
systems. Related output files are also discussed.
•Chapter 9: Designing Components is essentially a
manual in itself, which describes how to design components
using the Design Editor. This chapter also includes a tutorial
on designing a component from scratch.
•Chapter 10: PSCAD Script is a complimentary chapter for
Designing Components above. It describes all features and
coding conventions involved in the PSCAD Script language.
•Chapter 11: Debugging and Finalizing describes common
warning and error messages associated with running a
project, as well as methods for debugging user code,
creating library files and using the search feature.
•Chapter 12: MATLAB/Simulink provides details on the
interface subroutine and how to set-up the interface and
connect with MATLAB/Simulink.
•Chapter 13: Migrating from Older Versions outlines
all procedures for migrating both V2 and V3 projects into
PSCAD V4. Important conversion issues are also discussed
for migrating each type of project.
•Appendix A: References provides references to technical
publications sited in this manual, as well as additional
readings of interest.
•Index: Alphabetical index of keywords with page numbers.
也包括一个从scratch创建新项目的教程
第6章：在线绘图与控制提供了创建和使用PSCAD V4的在线绘图工具的详情，也讨论了创建和使用在线控制和仪表。
第7章：项目设置描述了包含在项目设置对话框窗口中的所有参数。
第8章：传输线与电缆提供了构建和定义架空线和埋地电缆两者的输电走廊的详情，也讨论了相关的输出文件。
第9章：设置元件本质上是一本手册，其中叙述了如何用设置编辑器来设计元件。该章也包含一个从scratch设计元件的教程。
第10章：PSCAD脚本是上面设置元件中较复杂的一章。叙述了所有PSCAD脚本语文中的所有特性和代码约定。
第11章：调试和定稿描述了与运行项目相关的常见警告和错误信息，还有调试用户代码的方法、创建库文件和使用搜索特性。
第12章：MATLAB/Siulink提供接口子程序的细节和如何设置接口和与MATLAB/Simulink连接。
第13章：老版本的移植概述了从V2和V3的项目移植到V4的所有过程。也讨论了每种类型的项目移植的重要的转换问题。
附录A：参考文献提供了本手册中的技术出版物的参考文献，还有附加的感兴的读物。
索引：按字母顺序排列的关键词的索引和页码。 序号：12
DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS
The following general conventions are followed throughout this
manual:
References
References are cited using ‘boxed brackets.’ For example, referring
to Reference #5 would appear as .
Notes
All note text will appear in text boxes, as shown below:
Text Boxes
All code examples will appear in text boxes, as shown below:
文档约定
整个手册中都遵守下面的一般约定：
参考文献用方括号括起来：例如，引用了#5参考文献会以出现。
注释
所有的注释文字都会出现在文本框中，如下：
为了以后方便，注释改为斜体，如"这是注释的例子"
文本框
所有代码的例子将会出现在文本框中，如下：
为了以后方便，注释改为有灰色的背景色，如"这是代码的例子" 楼主 建议你用塔多思之类的翻译软件 先着手建立专门的PSCAD库 逐步展开计算机翻译 最后人工校对 不然象你这样全部人工翻译 虽然精神可嘉 但一是工作量浩大 二是无法保证文档的标准化
个人意见 仅供参考 谢谢你的建议 序号：13
Table of Contents
About This Guide ....................................................................... xxvii
Organization ............................................................................ xxvii
Documentation Conventions ...................................................xxviii
References .........................................................................xxviii
Notes ................................................................................... xxix
Text Boxes ........................................................................... xxix
Chapter 1: Welcome to PSCAD .................................................. 1
What is PSCAD? .......................................................................... 2
Typical PSCAD Studies ................................................................ 3
What’s New in PSCAD V4? .......................................................... 3
V3/V4 Comparison Tables ....................................................... 6
Appearance and Terminology ............................................ 6
Chapter 2: Installation and Setup ............................................ 19
Hardware and Software Requirements ...................................... 19
Fortran Compilers ....................................................................... 20
Licensing .................................................................................... 20
Multi-User Licensing .............................................................. 20
Single-User Licensing ........................................................... 22
Trial Licensing ....................................................................... 23
Hardware Locks (Dongles) .................................................... 23
License Key ........................................................................... 24
License Manager Software ......................................................... 25
Standalone License Manager ............................................... 25
Maintenance and Support ............................................... 25
Local License Manager ......................................................... 25
Trial License Manager ........................................................... 26
PSCAD Usage Log ............................................................... 26
Installing V4 For The First Time ................................................. 27
Installing PSCAD ................................................................... 27
Installing the License Manager ............................................. 33
Possible Messages .......................................................... 35
Troubleshooting ............................................................... 40
Installing EGCS/GNU Fortran ............................................... 42
Installing LiveWire/LiveWire Lite ........................................... 42
Upgrading Your V4 Software ...................................................... 42
Upgrading a Previous Installation with a Patch ..................... 42
Table of Contents
viii PSCAD User’s Guide
Modifying a Previous Installation ........................................... 44
Possible Messages ............................................................... 46
Repairing a Previous Installation ........................................... 48
Possible Messages .......................................................... 50
Uninstalling ............................................................................ 51
Possible Messages .......................................................... 52
Finalizing Your Installation .......................................................... 53
Windows 98/ME Only ............................................................ 53
Windows NT4/XP/2000 Only ................................................. 54
Adding a Shortcut to the PSCAD Executable ....................... 54
Running PSCAD For The First Time .......................................... 54
Failed to Connect to License Manager Server ...................... 54
Running a Simulation Generates a ‘make -f’ or
‘nmake -f’ Error ...................................................................... 56
Setting Compiler Environment Variables .................................... 57
EGCS/GNU Fortran 77 Compiler .......................................... 57
Digital Fortran 5 Compiler ..................................................... 58
Compaq Fortran 6 Compiler .................................................. 58
Intel Fortran 9 Compiler ........................................................ 59
Trial Licenses ............................................................................. 60
Requesting a Trial License .................................................... 60
Installing a Trial License ........................................................ 64
Adding/upgrading Stand-alone License Manager Licenses ....... 66
Adding/upgrading A Single-user License ................................... 67
Changing Active Licensing Settings ........................................... 68
Changing License Manager Host .......................................... 68
Changing Active License Type .............................................. 69
Viewing Active License Information ............................................ 69
Getting Licensing Information .................................................... 70
Standalone License Manager Information ............................ 70
Active Licensing Information ................................................. 71
Manually Starting The License Manager .................................... 71
Manually Stopping The License Manager .................................. 72
Chapter 3: Workspace Settings ............................................... 73
Workspace Settings Overview .............................................. 73
Projects ...................................................................................... 74
Initialization ........................................................................... 74
HTML Browser ...................................................................... 75
Views .......................................................................................... 75
Circuit View ........................................................................... 76
Script Editor ........................................................................... 77
Graph and Control Panel Style ............................................. 77
Runtime ...................................................................................... 77
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide ix
Output Channel Warnings ..................................................... 78
System Memory Load ........................................................... 78
Fortran ........................................................................................ 79
Fortran Compiler ................................................................... 79
Matlab 序号：14
Chapter 5: Features and Operations ..................................... 143
Projects .................................................................................... 143
Creating a New Project ....................................................... 143
Loading a Project ................................................................ 144
Recent Files ................................................................... 145
Opening and Viewing a Project ........................................... 145
Navigating Through an Open Project .................................. 145
Scroll Bars ...................................................................... 145
Arrow Keys ..................................................................... 146
Panning (Dynamic Scroll) Mode .................................... 146
Moving In and Out of Modules ....................................... 146
Forward/Back Buttons .................................................... 147
Tabs ............................................................................... 147
Zooming .............................................................................. 148
Refresh ................................................................................ 149
Setting the Active Project .................................................... 150
Compiling and Building a Project ........................................ 150
Compile .......................................................................... 151
Make .............................................................................. 151
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Viewing Errors and Warnings .............................................. 152
Finding the Message Source ......................................... 152
Running a Simulation .......................................................... 153
Changing the Run Duration ................................................. 154
Changing the Simulation Time Step .................................... 154
Changing the Simulation Plot Step ..................................... 154
Taking a Snapshot ............................................................... 154
Manual ........................................................................... 155
Pre-Defined .................................................................... 155
Starting from a Snapshot .................................................... 155
Saving Output to File ........................................................... 156
Saving Project Changes ...................................................... 156
Save Project As... ........................................................... 157
Saving as an Older PSCAD Format ............................... 158
Editing Project Settings ....................................................... 159
Cleaning The Temporary Directory .................................... 160
Unloading A Project ............................................................. 161
Components And Modules ....................................................... 162
Selecting Objects ................................................................ 162
Adding Components To A Project ........................................ 162
Adding Multiple Instances of a Component ................... 164
Moving Or Dragging An Object ........................................... 165
Cut/copy/paste .................................................................... 165
Rotate/Mirror/Flip ................................................................ 165
Deleting Objects .................................................................. 166
Undo And Redo ................................................................... 166
Connecting Components Together ...................................... 166
Invalid Component Connections .................................... 167
Transferring Data Into And Out Of Modules ........................ 168
Data Signals ................................................................... 168
Hard Wiring ............................................................... 168
Wireless Connections ............................................... 170
Electrical Nodes ............................................................. 171
Wire Mode ........................................................................... 173
Editing Module Settings ...................................................... 173
Display Options .............................................................. 174
Show Connection Grid .............................................. 174
Show Signal Locations ............................................. 174
Show Virtual Control Wires ....................................... 174
Fortran Code Sequencing .............................................. 174
Assign Execution Sequence Numbers
Automatically ............................................................ 174
Show Sequence Numbers on Circuit Schematic ...... 175
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PSCAD User’s Guide xiii
Editing The Page Setup ...................................................... 175
Editing Component Parameters .......................................... 176
Changing Parameter Values .......................................... 178
Editing Definition Properties ................................................ 178
Viewing/Saving Component Parameters ............................ 179
Viewing Component Parameters ................................... 179
Column Descriptions ...................................................... 180
Formatting Viewed Parameters ..................................... 181
Saving Component Parameters to a File ....................... 181
Changing To Single-Line View ............................................ 182
Creating A New Component Or Module .............................. 182
Using the Component Wizard ........................................ 182
Creating a Default Module ............................................. 186
Creating The First Instance of a Definition .......................... 187
Compiling an Individual Module .......................................... 187
Importing/Exporting Definitions ........................................... 188
Import a Definition .......................................................... 188
Export a Definition .......................................................... 188
Copy As Meta-file Or Bitmap ............................................... 189
Printing Selected Objects .................................................... 189
Printing a Module Page ....................................................... 189
Tutorial: Creating A New Project .............................................. 190
Adding a New Case Project ................................................ 190
Saving the Project ............................................................... 192
Opening the Project Main Page .......................................... 193
Opening the Master Library ................................................. 193
Assembling a Voltage Divider Circuit .................................. 194
Locating the Single-Phase Source ................................. 194
Add and Assemble ......................................................... 196
Editing the Remaining Component Parameters ............. 196
Plotting Results ................................................................... 197
Adding a Graph Frame .................................................. 197
Adding Another Overlay Graph and Curve ................... 199
Editing the Graph Properties .......................................... 200
Running the Project ............................................................. 201
Drag and Drop .......................................................................... 202
Create a Component Instance ............................................ 202
Copy a Component Instance ............................................... 203
Adding a Curve to a Graph ................................................. 203
From an Output Channel .............................................. 203
From a Runtime Object .................................................. 204
Adding a Meter to a Control Panel ...................................... 204
From an Output Channel .............................................. 205
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xiv PSCAD User’s Guide
From a Runtime Object .................................................. 205
Adding a Control Interface to a Control Panel ..................... 206
From a Controls Component ......................................... 206
From a Runtime Object .................................................. 206
Move/Copy Meters and Curves Between Graphs/Panels ... 207
Accessing The Online Help System ......................................... 207
Tool Tips ................................................................................... 208
Searching ................................................................................. 209
Component And Signal Tables ................................................. 210
Component Table ................................................................ 210
Signal Table ..........................................................................211
Control Settings ........................................................................ 213
Storing Settings to a Template ............................................ 213
Synchronizing Default Settings ........................................... 214
Duplicate, Rename or Delete Template .............................. 214
Template Settings Viewer .................................................... 215
Features and Functions ................................................. 215
Global Substitutions ................................................................. 216
Unit System .............................................................................. 218
Enabling the Unit System .................................................... 218
Unit Format ......................................................................... 219
Base Units ........................................................................... 219
Exceptions ..................................................................... 222
Aliases ........................................................................... 222
Prefixes ............................................................................... 222
Target Units ......................................................................... 223
Unit Conversions ................................................................. 224
Compound Units ................................................................. 225
Verifying Unit Conversions .................................................. 228
Backward Compatibility ....................................................... 229
EMTDC Output Files ................................................................ 229
Creating Output Files .......................................................... 230
Multiple Output Files ........................................................... 230
Column Identification and the Information File .................... 231
第5章：特性和操作 ................................................................................... 143
项目 ....................................................................................... 143
创建新项目 ........................................................................ 143
加载项目 ........................................................................... 144
近来的文件 .................................................................... 145
打开并查看项目................................................................... 145
导航打开的项目................................................................... 145
滚动条............................................................................ 145
箭头键............................................................................ 146
移动（动态滚动）模式 ................................................... 146
移入和移出模块 ............................................................. 146
前进/后退按钮................................................................ 147
选项卡 .......................................................................... 147
缩放 .................................................................................. 148
刷新................................................................................... 149
设置活动项目 ..................................................................... 150
Compiling and Building a Project ......................................... 150
编译............................................................................... 151
生成 ............................................................................. 151
查看错误与警告................................................................ 152
寻找消息来源 ............................................................. 152
运行仿真 ........................................................................ 153
更改运行持续的时间.......................................................... 154
更改仿真时间步长............................................................. 154
更改仿真绘图步长 ........................................................... 154
拍快照............................................................................. 154
手动 .......................................................................... 155
预定义........................................................................ 155
从快照开始启动 ............................................................... 155
把输出存成文件................................................................ 156
保存项目变化................................................................... 156
项目另存为 ................................................................ 157
存为旧版本PSCAD的格式............................................... 158
编辑项目设置 .................................................................. 159
清除临时目录 .................................................................. 160
卸载项目.......................................................................... 161
元件和模型 .......................................................................... 162
选择对象 ........................................................................ 162
添加元件到项目中............................................................. 162
添加一个元件的多个实例 ............................................. 164
移动或拖曳对象 ............................................................... 165
剪切/拷贝/粘贴 .............................................................. 165
旋转/对称/翻转 .............................................................. 165
删除对象.......................................................................... 166
取消和重做....................................................................... 166
连接各元件....................................................................... 166
无效元件连接 ............................................................. 167
数据传入模块和从模块传出数据......................................... 168
数据信号..................................................................... 168
硬线....................................................................... 168
无线连接 ............................................................... 170
电气结点 ................................................................... 171
连线模式.......................................................................... 173
编辑模块设置 .................................................................. 173
显示选项..................................................................... 174
显示连接网格.......................................................... 174
显示信号位置 ........................................................ 174
显示虚拟控制线...................................................... 174
Fortran代码序列......................................................... 174
自动分配执行序列号 .............................................. 174
在电路原理图上显示序列号 ..................................... 175
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide编辑页面设置 .................................................................. 175
编辑元件参数 .................................................................. 176
更改参数值 ................................................................ 178
编辑定义属性................................................................... 178
查看/保存元件参数 ......................................................... 179
查看元件参数 .............................................................. 179
列描述........................................................................ 180
格式化查看的参数 ...................................................... 181
元件参数存入文件 ...................................................... 181
变成单线视图 .................................................................. 182
创建新元件或模块 ........................................................... 182
使用元件向导 ............................................................. 182
创建默认模块 ............................................................. 186
创建定义的第一个实例...................................................... 187
编译单个模块 .................................................................. 187
导入/导出定义 ................................................................ 188
导入定义..................................................................... 188
导出定义..................................................................... 188
拷贝为Meta文件或位图...................................................... 189
打印选中的对象................................................................ 189
打印模块页...................................................................... 189
教程创建新项目 .................................................................... 190
添加新案例项目 .............................................................. 190
保存项目 ........................................................................ 192
打开项目主页 .................................................................. 193
打开主库.......................................................................... 193
组装一个分压器电路 ........................................................ 194
定位单相电源.............................................................. 194
添加和组装 ................................................................. 196
编辑剩余的元件参数.................................................... 196
绘图结果 ........................................................................ 197
添加图形框架 .............................................................. 197
添加另外的贴图和曲线 ................................................. 199
编辑图形属性.............................................................. 200
运行项目.......................................................................... 201
拖放..................................................................................... 202
创建元件实例 .................................................................. 202
拷贝元件实例................................................................... 203
在图形上添加曲线 ........................................................... 203
从输出通道添加 ......................................................... 203
从运行时间对象添加.................................................... 204
添加仪表到控制面板 ........................................................ 204
从输出通道添加 ......................................................... 205
Table of Contents
xiv PSCAD User’s Guide从运行时间对象添加.................................................... 205
添加控制接口到控制面板................................................... 206
从控制元件添加 ......................................................... 206
从运行时间对象添加.................................................... 206
在图形/面板间移动/拷贝仪表和曲线.................................. 207
访问在线帮助系统 ................................................................ 207
工具提示 ............................................................................. 208
搜索 ................................................................................... 209
元件和信号表 ...................................................................... 210
元件表 ........................................................................... 210
信号表............................................................................. 211
控制设置.............................................................................. 213
存储设置为模板 .............................................................. 213
同步默认设置 .................................................................. 214
复制、重命名或删除模板 ................................................. 214
模板设置观察器................................................................ 215
特性与功能 ................................................................ 215
全局替换 ............................................................................. 216
单位系统 ............................................................................. 218
全能单位系统................................................................... 218
单位格式 ........................................................................ 219
基本单位.......................................................................... 219
例外 .......................................................................... 222
别名 .......................................................................... 222
前缀 ............................................................................... 222
目标单位 ........................................................................ 223
单位转换.......................................................................... 224
复合单位 ........................................................................ 225
校验单位转换 .................................................................. 228
向后兼容.......................................................................... 229
EMTDC输出文件 .................................................................... 229
创建输出文件 .................................................................. 230
多个输了文件 .................................................................. 230
列标识与信息文件............................................................. 231 扫了一眼
Standalone License Manager ............................................... 25
Possible Messages .......................................................... 35
Stand alone我会成译独立 Possible我会译成潜在 估计类似的差异会有很多 序号：15
Chapter 6: Online Plotting and Control ................................. 233
Preparing Data For Control Or Display .................................... 233
Channeling Output Data ...................................................... 234
Controlling Input Data ......................................................... 234
Graph Frames .......................................................................... 235
Adding a Graph Frame ........................................................ 235
Moving and Resizing a Graph Frame ................................. 236
Cut/Copy Frames ................................................................ 236
Paste Frame ........................................................................ 237
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide xv
Adjusting Frame Properties ................................................. 237
Adjusting Horizontal Axis Properties .............................. 238
Graphs ...................................................................................... 239
Adding Graphs to a Graph Frame ....................................... 240
Graph Order ........................................................................ 240
Cut/Copy Graphs ................................................................ 240
Paste Graph ........................................................................ 241
Copy Data to Clipboard ....................................................... 241
Overlay Graphs ................................................................... 242
Adjusting Overlay Graph Properties .............................. 242
PolyGraphs ......................................................................... 244
Adjusting PolyGraph Properties ..................................... 244
Curves ...................................................................................... 245
Adding a New Curve to a Graph ......................................... 246
Curve Legends .................................................................... 247
Curve Order ........................................................................ 247
Cut/Copy/Paste an Existing Curve ...................................... 248
Copy Data to Clipboard ....................................................... 248
Adjusting Curve Properties ................................................. 248
Active Trace ................................................................... 249
Style ............................................................................... 250
Digital Style .................................................................... 250
Adjusting Channel Settings ................................................. 250
Synchronizing Output Channel Limits with Those of
the Graph ............................................................................ 250
Traces ...................................................................................... 251
Trace Drop Down Menu ...................................................... 251
Adjusting Trace Properties .................................................. 252
Polymeters ............................................................................... 252
Adding a PolyMeter ............................................................. 253
Moving and Resizing a PolyMeter ....................................... 254
Cut/Copy PolyMeter ............................................................ 254
Paste PolyMeter .................................................................. 255
Copy PolyMeter as Meta-File/Bitmap .................................. 255
Navigate to Channel ............................................................ 255
Adjusting Channel Settings ................................................. 255
Displaying Specific Data ..................................................... 255
Phasormeters ........................................................................... 255
Preparing Data for Display .................................................. 256
Adding a PhasorMeter ........................................................ 257
Moving and Resizing a PhasorMeter .................................. 257
Cut/Copy PhasorMeter ........................................................ 258
Paste PhasorMeter ............................................................. 258
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xvi PSCAD User’s Guide
Copy PhasorMeter as Meta-File/Bitmap ............................. 259
Navigate to Channel ............................................................ 259
Adjusting Channel Settings ................................................. 259
Displaying Specific Data ..................................................... 259
Adjusting Phase Angle Input Format ................................... 259
XY Plots .................................................................................... 260
Adding an XY Plot ............................................................... 260
Moving and Resizing an XY Plot Frame ............................. 261
Cut/Copy XY Plot Frame ..................................................... 261
Paste XY Plot Frame ........................................................... 262
Copy Data to Clipboard ....................................................... 262
Adjusting XY Plot Frame Properties .................................... 262
Adjusting Plot Properties ..................................................... 264
Polar Grid ............................................................................ 266
Dynamic Zoom .................................................................... 267
Tool Tips In Plots ...................................................................... 267
Dynamic Aperture Adjustment .................................................. 268
Adjusting and Controlling the Aperture in XY Plots ............. 269
Markers .................................................................................... 270
Show/Hide Markers ............................................................. 271
Graph Frame Marker Legends ............................................ 272
XY Plot Marker Legends ..................................................... 273
Changing the Active Curve .................................................. 274
Adjusting Marker Positions .................................................. 274
Toggle Time Difference Frequency/Delta ............................ 275
Locking/Unlocking Markers ................................................. 275
Setting Markers ................................................................... 275
Using Markers as Bookmarks ............................................. 276
Preferences .............................................................................. 277
Zoom Features ......................................................................... 278
General Zoom In and Zoom Out ......................................... 278
Box Zoom ............................................................................ 278
Vertical Zoom ...................................................................... 279
Horizontal Zoom .................................................................. 279
Zoom Previous/Next ............................................................ 279
Zoom Extents ...................................................................... 280
Zoom Limits ......................................................................... 280
Resetting All Extents and Limits .......................................... 281
Dynamic Zoom in XY Plots ................................................. 281
Cross Hair Mode ...................................................................... 281
Pop-up Tool Bars ...................................................................... 282
Online Controls And Meters ..................................................... 283
Control Panels ..................................................................... 284
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide xvii
Adding a Control Panel .................................................. 284
Moving and Resizing a Control Panel ............................ 284
Cut/Copy Panel .............................................................. 284
Paste Panel .................................................................... 285
Adjusting Panel properties ............................................. 285
Control Interfaces ................................................................ 285
Adding a Control Interface to a Control Panel ............... 286
Control Interface Order .................................................. 287
Cut/Copy Control Interface ............................................ 288
Paste Control Interface .................................................. 288
Navigate to Control ........................................................ 288
Adjusting Control Interface Properties ........................... 289
Using the Control Interfaces .......................................... 289
Meters ................................................................................. 291
Adding a Meter to a Control Panel ................................. 292
Meter Order .................................................................... 293
Cut/Copy Meter .............................................................. 293
Paste Meter .................................................................... 294
Navigate to Channel/Control .......................................... 294
Adjusting Meter Properties ............................................. 294
Grouping Of Runtime Objects .................................................. 294
Creating a Runtime Object Group ....................................... 295
Viewing Runtime Object Groups ......................................... 296
Displaying Group Name on Graph Frames and
Control Panels ..................................................................... 296
Frame/panel Minimization ........................................................ 297
Moving and Organizing Minimized Frames/Panels ............. 298
Displaying Plots And Controls In Reports ................................ 298
Setting Panel Style .............................................................. 298
Copy as Meta-File or Bitmap ............................................... 299
第6章：在线绘图与控制 ......................................................................... 233
准备用于控制或显示的数据 ................................................... 233
引导输出数据................................................................... 234
控制输入数据 .................................................................. 234
图形框架 ............................................................................. 235
添加图形框架................................................................... 235
移动与调整图形框架的大小 .............................................. 236
剪切/拷贝框架 ................................................................ 236
粘贴框架.......................................................................... 237
调整框架属性................................................................................... 237
调整横坐标属性 .......................................................................... 238
图形.................................................................................................... 239
把图形添加到图形框架中.................................................................. 240
图形次序 ........................................................................................ 240
剪切/拷贝图形 ............................................................................... 240
粘贴图形 ........................................................................................ 241
拷贝数据到剪贴板............................................................................ 241
贴图 .............................................................................................. 242
调整贴图属性 ............................................................................. 242
多功能记录仪 ................................................................................. 244
调整多功能记录仪属性................................................................. 244
曲线 ................................................................................................... 245
在图形上添加曲线 ........................................................................... 246
曲线图例......................................................................................... 247
曲线次序 ........................................................................................ 247
剪切/拷贝/粘贴现有曲线.................................................................. 248
拷贝数据到剪贴板............................................................................ 248
调整曲线属性 ................................................................................. 248
活动的轨迹 ................................................................................ 249
类型 .......................................................................................... 250
数字类型 .................................................................................... 250
调整通道设置 ................................................................................. 250
用图形来同步输出通道限度 .............................................................. 250
轨迹 ................................................................................................... 251
轨迹下移菜单 ................................................................................. 251
调整轨迹属性 ................................................................................. 252
多测计 ............................................................................................... 252
添加多测计...................................................................................... 253
移动与调整多测计的大小.................................................................. 254
剪切/拷贝多测计 ............................................................................ 254
粘贴多测计...................................................................................... 255
拷贝多测计为Meta文件或位图............................................ 255
导航到通道....................................................................... 255
调整通道设置 .................................................................. 255
显示特定数据 .................................................................. 255
相位计 ................................................................................. 255
准备显示用的数据 ........................................................... 256
添加相位计 ..................................................................... 257
移动与调整相位计的大小 .................................................. 257
剪切/拷贝相位计.............................................................. 258
粘贴相位计 ..................................................................... 258
拷贝相位计为Meta文件或位图 .................................................................................. 259
导航到通道.............................................................................................................. 259
调整通道设置 ......................................................................................................... 259
显示特定数据 ......................................................................................................... 259
调整相位角输入格式................................................................................................. 259
XY图............................................................................................................................ 260
添加XY图 ............................................................................................................... 260
移动与调整XY图框架的大小 ..................................................................................... 261
剪切/拷贝XY图框架.................................................................................................. 261
粘贴XY图框架.......................................................................................................... 262
拷贝数据到剪贴板.................................................................................................... 262
粘贴XY图框架.......................................................................................................... 262
调整图属性.............................................................................................................. 264
极坐标网格 ............................................................................................................. 266
动态缩放 ................................................................................................................ 267
图中的工具提示 ........................................................................................................... 267
动态孔径调节 .............................................................................................................. 268
在XY图中调节与控制孔径 ......................................................................................... 269
标记 ........................................................................................................................... 270
显示/隐藏标记......................................................................................................... 271
图形框架标记图例.................................................................................................... 272
XY图标记图例 ......................................................................................................... 273
改变活动曲线........................................................................................................... 274
调整标记位置........................................................................................................... 274
Toggle Time Difference Frequency/Delta ................................................................... 275
锁定/解锁标记 ............................................................................................................................. 275
设置标记 ................................................................................................................ 275
使用标记和书签 ...................................................................................................... 276
偏好 ...........................................................................................................................277
缩放特性 .................................................................................................................... 278
通常的放大与缩小 ................................................................................................... 278
方形缩放................................................................................................................. 278
垂直缩放 ................................................................................................................ 279
水平缩放................................................................................................................. 279
前一次缩放/下一次缩放............................................................................................ 279
缩放范围 ................................................................................................................ 280
缩放限度................................................................................................................. 280
复位所有范围和限度................................................................................................. 281
在XY图中动态缩放 .................................................................................................. 281
十字线模式 ................................................................................................................. 281
弹出式工具栏............................................................................................................... 282
在线控制与仪表 .......................................................................................................... 283
控制面板................................................................................................................. 284
添加控制面板 ............................................................................ 284
移动与调整控制面板的大小.......................................................... 284
剪切/拷贝面板............................................................................ 284
粘贴面板.................................................................................... 285
调整面板属性 ............................................................................. 285
控制接口......................................................................................... 285
添加控制接口到控制面板 ............................................................ 286
控制接口次序 ............................................................................ 287
剪切/拷贝面板 ........................................................................... 288
粘贴控制接口 ............................................................................ 288
导航到控制 ................................................................................ 288
调整控制接口属性 ...................................................................... 289
使用控制接口 ............................................................................. 289
仪表 .............................................................................................. 291
添加仪表到控制面板.................................................................... 292
仪表次序.................................................................................... 293
剪切/拷贝仪表............................................................................ 293
粘贴仪表.................................................................................... 294
导航到通道/控制......................................................................... 294
调整仪表属性.............................................................................. 294
组成运行时间对象群 ............................................................................ 294
创建运行时间对象组......................................................................... 295
查看运行时间对象组 .......................................................................296
在图形框架和控制面板上显示组名称.................................. 296
框架/面板最小化 ................................................................. 297
移动和组织最小的框架/面板.............................................. 298
在报告中显示图和控制 ......................................................... 298
设置面板样式................................................................... 298
拷贝为Meta文件或位图..................................................... 299 序号：16
Chapter 7: Project Settings .................................................... 301
Project Settings Overview ................................................... 301
General ..................................................................................... 302
Description .......................................................................... 302
File Path .............................................................................. 302
Persist As ............................................................................ 303
Revision Tracking ................................................................ 303
File Version .................................................................... 303
First Created .................................................................. 303
Last Modified .................................................................. 303
Author ............................................................................ 303
Runtime .................................................................................... 303
Time Settings ...................................................................... 304
Table of Contents
xviii PSCAD User’s Guide
Duration of Run (sec) ..................................................... 304
Solution Time Step (us) .................................................. 304
Channel Plot Step (us) ................................................... 304
Start-up Method .................................................................. 305
Standard ........................................................................ 305
From Snapshot File ........................................................ 305
Save Channels to Disk? ...................................................... 306
Timed Snapshot .................................................................. 306
Single (Once Only) ......................................................... 306
Incremental (Same File) ................................................. 306
Incremental (Many Files) ............................................... 306
Multiple Run ........................................................................ 307
Miscellaneous ..................................................................... 308
Remove Time Offset When Starting From a Snapshot .. 308
Send Only the Output Channels That are In Use .......... 309
Start Simulation Manually to Allow Use of an
Integrated Debugger ...................................................... 309
Enable Component Graphics State Animation ............... 309
Network .................................................................................... 309
Process Communication ..................................................... 309
Allow Simulation to Run Ahead at Most ......................... 310
Use Idle Time Polling if Network is Large
(200+ Nodes) ................................................................. 310
Network Solution Accuracy ................................................. 310
Interpolate Switching Events to the Precise Time ...........311
Use Ideal Branches for Resistances Under ....................311
Numerical Chatter Suppression ...........................................311
Detect Chatter that Exceeds the Threshold ....................311
Suppress Effects When Detected .................................. 312
Diagnostic Information ........................................................ 312
Echo Network and Storage Dimensions ........................ 312
Echo Runtime Parameters and Options ........................ 312
Echo Input Data While Reading Data Files .................... 312
Dynamics .................................................................................. 312
Signal Storage ..................................................................... 313
Store Feed Forward Signals for Viewing ....................... 313
Signal Flow .......................................................................... 315
Compute and Display Flow Pathways on
Control Wires ................................................................. 315
Buses .................................................................................. 315
Treat Multiple Buses with Matching Names as the
Same Bus ...................................................................... 315
Unit System ......................................................................... 316
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide xix
Enable Unit Conversion and Apply to
Parameter Values .......................................................... 316
Mapping .................................................................................... 316
Network Splitting ................................................................. 317
Split Decoupled Networks into Separate Matrices ......... 317
Combine Isolated Non-Switching Local Networks ......... 317
Matrix Optimizations ............................................................ 317
Optimize Node Ordering to Speed Up Solution ............. 318
Move Switching Devices to Speed Up Solution ............. 318
Fortran ...................................................................................... 319
Additional Source (.f) Files .................................................. 319
Runtime Debugging ............................................................ 320
Enable Addition of Runtime Debugging Information ...... 320
Checks ................................................................................ 320
Array & String Bounds ................................................... 321
Floating Point Underflow ................................................ 321
Integer Overflow ............................................................. 321
Argument Mismatch ....................................................... 321
Uncalled Routines .......................................................... 321
Uninitialized Variables .................................................... 321
Link ........................................................................................... 322
Additional Library (.lib) and Object (.obj) Files .................... 322
User Library Path Method .............................................. 322
Absolute Path Method .................................................... 323
Entering Multiple Files .................................................... 324
Matlab ................................................................................. 324
Link This Simulation with the Currently Installed
Matlab Libraries ............................................................. 324
第7章：项目设置............................................................................ 301
工作空间设置总览 ........................................................... 301
常用的设置.......................................................................... 302
描述 .............................................................................. 302
文件路径 ........................................................................ 302
持续为 ........................................................................... 303
修订跟踪......................................................................... 303
文件版本 ................................................................... 303
第一次创建 ................................................................ 303
上次修改..................................................................... 303
作者 .......................................................................... 303
运行时间 ............................................................................ 303
时间设置 ........................................................................ 304
PSCAD User’s Guide
Table of Contents
xviii PSCAD User’s Guide运行持续时间（秒）.................................................... 304
求解的时间步长（us）................................................. 304
通道绘图步长（us）.................................................... 304
启动方法 ........................................................................ 305
标准启动 ................................................................... 305
从快照文件启动........................................................... 305
通道存盘.......................................................................... 306
时控的快照 ..................................................................... 306
单张（只进行一次）.................................................... 306
增量（相同的文件）.................................................... 306
增量（多个文件） ...................................................... 306
多路运行 ........................................................................ 307
混杂的 ........................................................................... 308
从快照启动时移除时间偏移量....................................... 308
只发送使用的输出通道 ................................................ 309
允许用集成调试器手动启动仿真 ................................... 309
使能元件图形状态动画................................................. 309
网络 ................................................................................... 309
处理信息 ........................................................................ 309
至多允许提前运行仿真 ................................................ 310
如果网络巨大的话用空闲时间轮询（节点数大于200） ... 310
网络求解准确度 .............................................................. 310
Interpolate Switching Events to the Precise Time............ 311
Use Ideal Branches for Resistances Under ................... 311
数字振动抑制 .................................................................. 311
检测超阈值振动 ......................................................... 311
检测到时的抑制效果 ................................................... 312
诊断信息 ........................................................................ 312
显示网络与存储尺寸 ................................................... 312
显示运行时间参数和选项 ............................................ 312
读数据文件时显示输入数据........................................... 312
动态..................................................................................... 312
信号存储.......................................................................... 313
存储用于观察的前馈信号 ............................................ 313
信号流............................................................................. 315
计算并显示控制线流路径 ............................................ 315
总线 ............................................................................... 315
把多个名称匹配的总线作为同一个总线 ......................... 315
单位系统.......................................................................... 316
PSCAD
PSCAD User’s Guide xix使能单位转换并应用于参数值 ...................................... 316
映象..................................................................................... 316
网络分割 ........................................................................ 317
分割解耦的网络为单独的矩阵....................................... 317
组合隔离的非开关局部网络 ......................................... 317
矩阵优化......................................................................... 317
优化节点顺序以加速求解 ............................................ 318
移动开关设备以加速求解 ............................................ 318
Fortran............................................................................... 319
附加的源文件 .................................................................. 319
运行时间调试 ................................................................. 320
使能附加的运行时间调试信息 ...................................... 320
复选 .............................................................................. 320
数组与字符串上下限 ................................................... 321
浮点下溢.................................................................... 321
整型溢出.................................................................... 321
参数不匹配 ................................................................ 321
未调用的例程.............................................................. 321
未初始化的变量........................................................... 321
链接..................................................................................... 322
附加库（.lib）和对象（.obj）文件 ................................. 322
用户库路径的方法 ...................................................... 322
绝对路径的方法........................................................... 323
输入多个文件.............................................................. 324
MATLAB ............................................................................ 324
仿真与当前安装的MATLAB库进行链接 ........................... 324 序号：17
Chapter 8: Tranmission Lines and Cables ............................ 325
Constructing Overhead Lines ................................................... 326
Building an Overhead Line (/w Remote Ends) .................... 327
Building an Overhead Line (Direct Connection Style) ......... 328
Editing the Line Main Parameters ....................................... 329
Constructing Underground Cable Systems .............................. 330
Building an Underground Cable System ............................. 330
Editing the Cable Main Parameters .................................... 331
The T-line/cable Properties Editor ............................................ 332
Editing a Transmission Line Segment Cross-Section ......... 333
Adding a Tower Component ........................................... 335
Editing Tower Properties ................................................ 337
Editing a Cable Segment Cross-Section ............................. 337
Adding a Cable Cross-Section Component ................... 339
Editing Cross-Section Properties ................................... 341
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xx PSCAD User’s Guide
Selecting the Proper Line Model ......................................... 341
The Bergeron Model ...................................................... 342
The Frequency-Dependent (Mode) Model ..................... 342
The Frequency-Dependent (Phase) Model .................... 342
Adding a Line Model ...................................................... 343
Editing Line Model Parameters ...................................... 343
Line Constants Files ................................................................. 344
Solving the T-Line/Cable Constants Manually .................... 344
Viewing Line Constants Files .............................................. 345
Input (*.tli/*.cli) File .............................................................. 345
Constants (*.tlo/*.clo) File .................................................... 347
Log (*.log) File ..................................................................... 347
Output File ........................................................................... 347
Phase Data .................................................................... 348
Series Impedance Matrix (Z): ................................... 348
Shunt Admittance Matrix (Y): .................................... 348
Long-Line Corrected Series Impedance
Matrix (ZLL): ............................................................. 349
Long-Line Corrected Shunt Admittance
Matrix (YLL): ............................................................. 349
Sequence Data .............................................................. 349
Sequence Impedance Matrix (Zsq): .......................... 350
Sequence Admittance Matrix (Ysq): ......................... 351
Load Flow RXB Formatted Data .................................... 351
Detailed Output Viewer ............................................................ 352
Creating Detailed Output ..................................................... 353
Invoking the Detailed Output Viewer ................................... 353
The Viewer Environment ..................................................... 354
Spreadsheet Data Viewer .............................................. 354
Column Organization ................................................ 354
Switching between Spreadsheets ............................. 355
Copying Data Rows .................................................. 355
Detailed Output Toolbar ................................................. 356
Curve Viewer ................................................................. 356
Invoking the Curve Viewer ........................................ 356
Element Identification ............................................... 357
第8章：传输线与电缆 .............................................................................. 325
构建架空线........................................................................... 326
建立一条架空线（/w 远端） ............................................ 327
建立一条架空线（直接连接型）......................................... 328
编辑线路主要参数 ........................................................... 329
构建埋地电缆系统 ................................................................ 330
建立埋地电缆系统 ........................................................... 330
编辑电缆主要参数 ........................................................... 331
T-line/cable属性编辑器 ...................................................... 332
编辑传输线段横截面 ........................................................ 333
添加铁塔元件.............................................................. 335
编辑铁塔属性 ............................................................ 337
编辑电缆段横截面............................................................ 337
添加电缆横截面元件 ................................................... 339
编辑横截面属性 ......................................................... 341
选择恰当的线路模型 ........................................................ 341
Bergeron模型 ............................................................ 342
频率相关（模式）模型................................................. 342
频率相关（模式）模型................................................. 342
添加线路模型 ............................................................. 343
编辑线路模型参数........................................................ 343
线路常数文件........................................................................ 344
手动求解T-Line/Cable常数 ............................................. 344
查看线路常数文件 ........................................................... 345
输入（*.tli/*.cli）文件 .............................................. 345
常数（*.tlo/*.clo）文件................................................ 347
日志（*.log）文件.......................................................... 347
输出文件.......................................................................... 347
相位数据 ................................................................... 348
串联阻抗矩阵（Z） ................................................ 348
并联导纳矩阵（Y） ................................................ 348
长线修正的串联阻抗矩阵（ZLL） ............................ 349
长线修正的并联导纳矩阵（ZLL） ............................ 349
序列数据 ................................................................... 349
序列阻抗矩阵（Zsq）.............................................. 350
序列导纳矩阵（Ysq） ............................................ 351
Load Flow RXB Formatted Data ................................... 351
详细的输出观察器 ................................................................ 352
创建详细的输出................................................................ 353
调用详细的输出观察器...................................................... 353
观察器环境...................................................................... 354
电子表格数据观察器 ................................................... 354
列组织 .................................................................. 354
在各电子表格间切换................................................ 355
拷贝数据行 ........................................................... 355
详细的输出工具栏 ...................................................... 356
曲线观察器 ................................................................ 356
调用曲线观察器...................................................... 356
元素标识 .............................................................. 357
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