[资源推荐]博士生考试基础词汇汇总

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博士生考试基础词汇汇总

Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather.
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out  wipe out  put off  delay  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up

abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt)
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay

You have to keep ______ with the times.  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with

absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call.
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with

Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game

access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library.
Way/approach/solution/answer/
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand

His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation  accordance  according  fit)
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.    in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to

account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain  explicate)

acquire  to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure

active  He is very active in politics.  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic

adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation.
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit

accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used  addict  be familiar with)

admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt)

adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs.
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample

advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money.
Benefit/gain/upper hand    interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns

Aim  His aim is to win the game.  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination

Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang
Figure/digit/measure
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money.
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon

amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up  

The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money.
sum/measure/quantity/price/value

angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment
theory/outlook

announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board.
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known

anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do.
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for

anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all

The apparent things might not tell of the truth.
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain

apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition

He was appointed member of the committee.
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for

appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg

apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information.
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.

approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of

arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes.
Rise raise rouse arouse arise
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up

artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation.

ashamed /shameful  embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him.

acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with.
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate  

I assume that success is a sum of mistakes.
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted  

assure  I can assure you of my support.  
confirm  assure  ensure  insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise  

You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language.
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize  complete

attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe  

avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour.
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from  

The government has banned the used of chemical weapons.
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block  obstruct

bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale  

basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year.
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence.
ground  foundation

Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.  
As soon as  before  the second  the minute  the moment  

You can’t blame all this on me.
He is the last one to blame for the accident.
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn

board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team

boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off

boom  Production boomed.
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper

brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says \"No\".  short

We are bound for London.  Head  make  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.  Likely  going to
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction

call  This situation_____________ for prompt action.  (calls in calls at calls on calls for)
They have called off their engagement.

She was calm when I told her of the terrible news.
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful

We should not doubt his capability.
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency

Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends.
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation

There is no reason why we should not carry on with it.
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process

case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition

center  She centered her attention on the problem.
Focus  concentrate  fix  

charge The charge against him was severe.
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment

Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it.
flexible  changeable  changing  

If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty.
Selection/preference/option/alternative
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it.

cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.  
Stick  adhere   hold  grasp

close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem.
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out.

A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key

combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.  
blend  mix  mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join

comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard  remark  

commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.  Devote  dedicate  

Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast
Poets have compared sleep to death.
She is lovely beyond compare.
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison.
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year.
Comparable/comparative

compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should.
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on  push  prompt

He has formed a good habit.
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build
Assemble/manufacture/produce

Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required

compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise

comprehensive /Comprehensible
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.  

conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.  Aware

Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card.
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful

contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel

Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages.
continuously vs continually

convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.  express

cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure  bear  stand  be fed up with  

correspond  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one.

count  Her opinion counts because of her experience.  
Matter  be of importance  significant

Don’t count on a salary increase this year.
believe  depended  count  confide  rely  depend  bank

critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious  sarcastic

cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold.
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob  break  

It is not my custom to give in.
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature

The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair.
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic          debris/trash/junk/rubbish

decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce

deep  They dived deep into the ocean.
She was deeply interested in classical music.

degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent

deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying.
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm.
Demand/require/call for

deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father.
refuse    decline  rejects  turn down  

die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar.
The storms are dying down.
The noise of the car died away in the distance.
The members of the family had all died off.
This species has died out.

Can you describe what he looks like?
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell

They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties.
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious

She was in his eyes a devoted mother.
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea.
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/
throw away/cast off/get rid of

display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display.
Her writings display natural talents.  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present
  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats.
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style.
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid  unmistakable  expressive  direct

The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another.
distinguish  tell  separate  divide  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field.
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized
/prominent/important/superior

In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building.
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold

diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive

He refused to disclose his name and address.
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray

They drew up the contract and presented it to the management.
The train drew in/into the station.  pull
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing

She drove her car into the forest.
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride

Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop

The shoes are expensive but durable.
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong

It is your duty to go.
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort

He is living an easy life now.  comfortable

It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones.
economic/economical/economy
  
He went to a very good elementary school.
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive

Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect.
The acid has no effect on the metal.
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March.
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence.
He is not likely to give effect to his threat.
effect  force  power  practice  

She encouraged him to take this examination.
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire

end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine.
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end.
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee.
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall.
The argument between the two men ended in a fight.
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism.

He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet.
entitle  qualify  authorize  enable  sanction  empower

The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons.
equip  provide

They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive

My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job.
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail

He is one of the greatest contemporary writers.
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent  

He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live  face  come

Devotion is essential for work.
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent

Nothing is everlasting.
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good

The bird extended its wings in flight.
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify

Her nose is a very attractive feature.
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark

Are you in favor of women taking part in politics?
In the favor
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous

Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly.
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot

After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license.
The children hid in the house and ate their fill.
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather.
wavers   vibrates   swings  fluctuates  hesitates  quakes  trembles  shudders

There are fine distinctions between the two.
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant

Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience.
Understand  comprehend  catch on  get  

He gave a gift for my birthday.
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out
/hand out/turn in

He had a good house, a good wife and a good job.
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent

They grouped together in fours.
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate

When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter  

hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across
Her new film is quite a hit. success
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect

hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news.
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits.
She always holds to her convictions.
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction.
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic.
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour.
A. held on    B. held back    C. held out    D. held up

identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as

If only I were rich!  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want.

Immoral vs amoral
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors.

It was he that initiated this project.
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice

Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize.
(excitement  initiative  motive  entertainment)

We are in for trouble.
He know the ins and outs of the problem.
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition.

A good teacher should be impartial to his students.
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent

This car is inferior to the one I bought last year.
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior

The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature.
intellect  insight  perception  understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition

No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets.
intangible  invisible

interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it.

He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed.
testified  witnessed  justified  identified  notify  specify

keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself.
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time.
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science.
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /   up  on)
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess

They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage.
Want/be in need/ fall short

large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
By and large, the company has been good to me.

This is law and you can’t change as you wish.
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute

She saw a notice “ apartment to let”.
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement

She is the one that laid out the town.
He was laid off for his ill performance.

liable likely probable   liable responsible accountable answerable
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars.

She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive.
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of

The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium.
alive  live  life   lively  living  lovely

I am not sure of the exact location of the café.
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation

Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease.

The mansion was splendid.
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous

I can’t make out what she wants.
The ship made for the open sea.
What are we to make of his behavior?
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life.
He has made it up with her.

A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.  
Mentioned  quoted  referred to  

mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity  

nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves.

Can you really afford this amount?
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion
A (large) number of problems have arisen.
The number of books stolen from the library is large.
The marks were below average.
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual

The method is ok; the problem is the procedure.
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/

The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint

observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with  

occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways?

We can afford to overlook these minor offenses.
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over

own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own?
He’d like a car of his own.
Nobody owned up to the theft.

This is a painstaking effort.  Careful

They walked the path every morning.
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip

peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country.
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular   

The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes.
income   revenue  fund  payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure  

persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you.

I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor.
pleasing   pleasant   grateful   thankful  pleased  gracious  generous

point  She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in.
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once.
There's no point in arguing further.
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point.
It is very rude to point at people in the street.
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles?
popular  populous  populated  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.

The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby.
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will

preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday.

Virtue will prevail over evil.
prevail  triumph  win  

In private/ in secret / in person
Matters like this are best discussed in private.

They are privileged people in the society.
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor

She gave him a prompt reply.  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready

The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects)

provided  on condition  save  unless  given  suppose  say  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid.

put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement.
They decided to put aside their differences.
She help her put the toys away.
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform.
We had to put off our wedding until September.
We can put you up for the night.
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her.

Racial problems exist in everyday life.
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture

range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics.
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men.
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children.
He reached for his gun.

Her requirements are reasonable.
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable
My favorite recreation is chess.
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun

They had to seed refuge from the storm.
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection

I have registered for the English course.
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form

receive  accept
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency.

red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red.

regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects.
I have little information as regards his past.
She said nothing regarding your request.
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family.
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards.
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people.
(attention  regard  intention  stress)

relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher.

Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling

remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness.
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct

respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter.
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about

In this respect the film is a failure.
respectful  respective  respectable  respected
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew.

His limp is the result of an accident.
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion

risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy.
The future of the whole company is at risk.
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose

They rose up against foreign invaders.
Rebel  revolt  riot  

I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted.
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week.
We are running out of time.

He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years.
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct
Guide/influence/handle/regulate

scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale.
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch.

I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended.
We all went to the airport to see her off.
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister.
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?

I must set about packing now.
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists.
Let’s set aside my personal feelings.
She set out/forth at dawn.
He is set on going to university.

settle  You should settle your affairs before you leave.
When are you going to marry and settle down.
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend

short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations.
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt.
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts.
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education.
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short.
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron.
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence.

spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.
I went back and found them in high/low spirits.

stock  The sugar is out of stock.

They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation.
We are subject to the law of the land.
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme

sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent.
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point.

attraction    temptation
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered.
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce

thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you.
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid.
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident.
trade  he traded in his car for a new model.

He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money.
trick  deceive  cheat  betray  fool  

what he said is true.
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate

turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns.
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them.
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out.
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings.
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times.
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up.
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health.
(turned in  turned down  turned out  turned to)

I don’t think she is the artistic type.
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character

Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion.
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last

Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn.
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit

This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually  virtuously  virtual   actual)

By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia?
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice.
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well.
We must not give way to their demands.
You can’t have everything your own way.
He has done nothing out the way yet.
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up)

We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.