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简介
专家推荐：英语教学专家胡敏亲自为你导航；学习导读：为你讲解最实用的英语学习技巧；疑难注释：不用费力查资料也能让你看得懂；译文欣赏：精彩绝伦的译文，供你参考、欣赏；演讲背景：让你一览无余地了解演讲的背景；专家推荐、权威解读，手把手教你学英语。
前新东方学校校长、现任新航道学校校长，有中国“雅思之父”之称的胡敏联合新航道学校主讲教师王吉美共同编著。
让你体验到最佳英语教材与最佳英语教师的最佳结合。你会明白什么才是英语学习的最佳捷径。
作者简介
胡敏教授，新航道国际教育集团总裁、北京新航道学校校长，留英学者。曾任国际关系学院英语系副主任、硕士生导师，原新东方总裁兼校长。2004年创办北京新航道学校。作为中国英语培训领军人物，胡敏教授不仅是中国雅思培训产业化的开创者，同时，也是中国托福培训大师和考研英语培训的领路人。由其开创的雅思、新托福、四六级、考研英语和少儿英语等培训理念及教学模式在全国得到广泛应用，并曾多次应邀赴英联邦国家、日本、韩国等世界知名大学和国际语言培训机构进行访问和讲学。胡敏教授及其所领导的国际化教育团队培训了逾百万年轻学子，并在业内率先开发出拥有自主知识产权的培训教材和专著近三百部，其中大部分被国内外知名培训机构奉为经典教材。
胡敏教授1998年荣获北京市第五届哲学社会科学优秀成果二等奖；2005年9月荣获教育部中国成人教育协会和陈香梅教科文奖办公室联合颁发的“中国民办教育创新与发展论坛暨陈香梅教科文奖表彰活动特殊贡献奖”；2008年获“改革开放三十年北京教育功勋人物奖”；2009年荣获英国文化协会颁发的“‘雅思20年20人’杰出贡献奖”等多项殊荣。
目录
1. Declaration of Candidacy
竞选宣言
2007年2月10日，伊利诺伊州首府斯普林菲尔德市
2. Iowa Caucus Night
爱荷华州之夜
2008年1月3日，爱荷华州首府得梅因市
3. New Hampshire Primary Night
新罕布什尔州初选之夜
2008年1月8日，新罕布什尔州纳舒厄市
4. A More Perfect Union
塑造一个更加完美的合众国
2008年3月18日，宾夕法尼亚州费城
5. Father’s Day 2008
2008年父亲节
2008年6月15日，伊利诺伊州芝加哥市上帝使徒教堂
6. Renewing American Competitiveness
重塑美国竞争力
2008年6月16日，密歇根州弗林特市
7. A World That Stands as One
一个团结一致的世界
2008年7月24B，德国首都柏林
8.Election Night
胜选之夜
2008年11月4日，伊利诺伊州芝加哥市
9.Inaugural Address
就职演讲
2009年1月20日，华盛顿哥伦比亚特区
Declaration of Candidacy
竞选宣言
首先，请允许我对今天冒着严寒、远道而来的朋友们表示感谢。
我们此行都为了一个目的。我感谢大家的热诚，在我心里，我知道你们并非仅仅为我而来，你们此行的原因更在于你们相信这个国家的未来。面对战争，你们相信和平将至。面对绝望，你们相信希望尚存。政治将你们拒之门外，让你们安于现状，长期彼此分隔，但你们相信我们作为一个民族，能够实现可能实现的一切，打造一个更加完美的联邦。
这就是今天我们此行的目的。我告诉你们我是如何来到这里的。你们大多数人都知道，我并不是伟大的伊利诺伊州土生土长的公民，我是在20多年前搬到这里的。那时的我还是个年轻人，刚从大学毕业一年；在芝加哥，我身无分文，举目无亲。但有几个教堂为我提供了一份社区组织者的工作，年薪1.3万美元。我毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作，因为我的心一直被一个简单且有力的想法激励着—我可以为建设一个更加美好的美国尽一份绵薄之力。
这份工作使我有机会走访了芝加哥一些最贫困的社区。我和牧师及普通民众一起，帮助因工厂倒闭而备受蹂躏的社区。我发现人们所遇到的不仅仅是地区性的问题—关闭钢厂的决定是遥远的行政官员做出的；学校缺少课本和计算机可以追溯到千里之外政客们的施政不当；当一个孩子有暴力倾向时，他心灵的创口单靠政府永远无法弥补。
正是在这些社区里，我受到了有生以来最好的教育，也懂得了基督教信仰的真谛。
我在这个职位上一待就是三年，之后我去了（哈佛）法学院学习，因为我想要弄明白法律是如何为那些需要帮助的人提供服务的。我成了一名民权事务律师，并教授宪法课程。之后不久，我逐渐意识到我们所珍惜的自由与平等的权利依赖于全体选民的觉醒和积极参与。怀着这些想法，我来到了州首府，成为了一名州参议员。
正是在这里—斯普林菲尔德市，我眼见了美国所融汇的一切—农民和教师，商人和公司员工—所有人都有着各自的故事，所有人都希望获得一席之地，所有人都强烈期望自己的发言能够受到重视。我在这里获得了永恒的友谊—我看到许多朋友也在今天的听众当中。
正是在这里，我们学会了用和颜悦色的方式去对待意见不一—在坚持原则的情况下，达成共识；只要我们愿意倾听对方的意见，我们就能以人性的真善美而非假恶丑与人进行交往。
这是为什么我们能够改革千疮百孔的死刑体制，为贫困儿童提供健康保险，并使得税收体制更为公平和公正，以有益于工薪阶层家庭的原因。这也是为什么我们通过了被那些愤世嫉俗者宣称永远不能通过的道德改革法案的原因。
正是在这里，在斯普林菲尔德市，来自四面八方的人们汇集于此，让我忆起了美国人民的正统—我逐渐相信通过这种正统，我们能够建设一个更加充满希望的美国。
缘此，在古老的国会大厦下面，在林肯曾经呼吁分裂的议会团结一致的地方，在共同的希望和梦想仍然鲜活的地方，我今天站在你们面前宣布我将竞选美国总统。
我承认这一声明有一点自以为是—甚至有些狂妄。我知道我并未花费很多时间来研究华盛顿的施政方略，但我在那儿待的时间已经足够让我认识到华盛顿的施政方略必须要变革。
我们奠基者们的天才之处在于他们设计了可变革的政体。我们应树立信心，因为我们曾对这个国家进行过变革。面对暴政，一大批爱国志士曾迫使一个帝国屈膝。面对分裂，我们团结整个国家，解放了黑奴。面对大萧条，我们让劳动者重回工作岗位，并使数百万人民脱离了贫困。我们欢迎外来移民，我们将铁路延伸至西部，我们将宇航员送上月球，我们还听到了马丁·路德·金的号召，让公平似水奔流、正义如泉喷涌。
每一次，新一代的美国人都会勇敢地承担并完成需要完成的工作。今天，我们再一次受到了感召—此时正是我们这一代做出回应的时刻。
那是我们永不动摇的信仰—虽然我们也会面临不可能，但热爱祖国的人民能够变革它。
这就是亚伯拉罕·林肯的信念。他有自己的疑虑、失败，亦曾遭遇挫折。但通过他的意志和语言，他推动了整个国家的前进，并协助我们解放了一个民族。正是因为数百万人支持他的事业，所以我们不再分裂，不论南方还是北方，奴隶抑或自由人。正是因为各个种族、各行各业的人们在林肯故去后继续为争取自由而长久地奋斗，今天我们才有机会作为一个民族—美国人民来共同面对新千年的挑战。
我们都知道今天所面临的挑战是什么—一场无休止的战争，对石油的依赖威胁着我们的未来，许多儿童不在学校好好读书，许多家庭努力挣扎着赚取工资以支付各种账单。我们已听说并知晓挑战所在，而且我们多年来一直在谈论这些挑战。
阻止我们应对这些挑战的不是因为缺乏合理的政策与可行的方案，而是领导无方，“狭隘”政治—我们被那些繁文缛节分散了注意力，我们长期以来对艰难抉择的逃避，我们期望轻易地获得政治筹码，而没有挽起袖子好好工作，更没有达成工作共识来解决重大问题。
在过去的6年中，我们不断地被告知越积越多的债务并不要紧，美国人对于日益上涨的医疗卫生费用和工资停滞的状况感到焦虑只是一个错觉，气候变化只是个愚弄人的玩笑，强硬的言辞和考虑欠周的战争可以用来代替民主、战略和远见卓识。当经历所有其他的失败后，当卡特里娜飓风来临时，抑或当伊拉克战场上士兵的死亡人数不断增加时，我们被告知我们的危机源自其他人的错误。我们没有意识到自己真正的失败，却被告知应该责备另一个党派或是同性恋者或是移民。
当人们在幻灭和挫败中把目光移向别处，我们知道是什么填补了空白。那些愤世嫉俗者、说客还有那些特殊利益集团，把美国的政治变成了一场只有他们才能玩得起的游戏。他们能大笔一挥，开出支票来解决问题，而你却要为他们埋单；他们享有特权获得各种资源，而你却需要写申请信。他们认为政府归他们所有，而我们今天在这里要把它夺回来。这种政治的时代现已一去不复返，历史该翻开新的一页了。
我们已经取得了一些进步。我非常自豪能协助引领这场国会内部的辩论—这场辩论导致了自水门事件以来最为彻底的道德改革。
但华盛顿仍有很长的一段路要走，而且这条路并不容易走下去。因此，我们不得不确定轻重缓急，不得不做出艰难的抉择。虽然政府会发挥关键作用，带来我们需要的变革，但仅凭金钱和方案的增加并不能保证让我们获得预想的结果。我们每个人在自己的生活中，都须承担责任—向我们的子女逐渐灌输一种追求成功的观念，去适应更具竞争力的经济，让社区变得更加美好，还有学会做出某种程度的牺牲。那么，让我们就此开始行动吧。让我们一起并肩战斗，开始这项艰难的工作。让我们来实现整个国家的变革。
让我们成为在数字化时代重塑我们的经济，使之具有竞争力的一代。让我们高标准要求学校，并给予助其成功所需要的一切资源。让我们招募新的师资力量，给予他们更高的工资、更多的支持，以此来激发他们更强的责任心。让我们使孩子能够上得起大学，让我们在科研方面进行投资，让我们在全美国的各个城市和乡村中心铺设宽带线路。
随着我们经济的变革，让我们成为确保美国劳动者能够分享到经济繁荣成果的一代，让我们保护公司承诺给员工的辛苦所得，让我们使美国劳苦大众能够为其退休进行储蓄成为可能，让我们允许工会及其组织者再次振兴国家的中产阶级。
让我们成为根除美国贫困状况的一代。每个想要工作的人都应该能够通过职业培训而获得一份工作，赚取足够的工资以支付各种开销，为孩子提供良好的照顾从而在他们上班时可以让孩子待在安全的地方。让我们做好这些事。
让我们成为最终解决医保危机的一代。通过注重预防，为慢性病患者提供更好的医疗服务，运用技术手段减少行政开支，我们可以控制相关的费用。让我们成为此时此地宣告到下届总统首个任期结束时普享医保的一代。
让我们成为使美国最终摆脱石油暴政的一代。我们可以利用国产的和乙醇之类的可替代燃料，鼓励生产更多的节能汽车。我们可以建立一套控制温室气体排放的体制。我们可以将全球变暖的危机变成创新的机会，增加就业，刺激商业，给全世界树立一个榜样。让我们成为后世子孙为我们今天于此的所作所为而感到自豪的一代。
最为重要的是，让我们成为永远牢记“9·11”事件、尽一切努力与恐怖分子作斗争的一代。政治分歧不应使我们再在这些问题上存在分歧。我们可以通过共同行动来保卫国家的安全。我已与共和党参议员迪克·卢格一道通过了一项法案，确保销毁世界上某些最具致命性和难以预防的武器。我们能够团结一致，依靠一支更加强大的武装力量抓捕恐怖分子，能够加强网络以断绝他们的资金渠道，提高我们情报机关的能力。但我们也应明白对抗敌人的最终胜利，只能来自于重建我们的联盟，将那些价值观念输出到国外，为世界上数百万的人们带去希望和机遇。
但只有我们结束伊拉克战争，所有的这一切才可能得以实现。你们中的大多数人都知道，我从一开始就反对这场战争。我认为这是一个悲剧性的错误。今天，我们为那些失去亲人的家庭，无数心碎的人们以及那些消逝的年轻生命而感到悲痛。美国人民，撤回我们的军队的时候到了，承认牺牲再多美国人的生命也无法解决由别国内战所引起的政治分歧的时候到了。这就是为什么我构思了一个在2008年3月撤回我们作战部队计划的原因。让伊拉克人民知道，我们不可能永远驻扎在那里，这是我们迫使逊尼和什叶两派回到谈判桌前磋商寻求和平解决途径的最后也是最美好的希望。
DECLARATION OF CANDIDACY
February 10, 2007 | Springfield, Illinois
Let me begin by saying thanks to all of you who’ve traveled, from far and wide, to brave the cold today.
We all made this journey for a reason. It’s humbling, but in my heart I know you didn’t come here just for me; you came here because you believe in what this country can be. In the face of war, you believe there can be peace. In the face of despair, you believe there can be hope. In the face of a politics that’s shut you out, that’s told you to settle, that’s divided us for too long, you believe we can be one people, reaching for what’s possible, building that more perfect union.
That’s the journey we’re on today. But let me tell you how I came to be here. As most of you know, I am not a native of this great state . I moved to Illinois over two decades ago. I was a young man then, just a year out of college; I knew no one in Chicago, was without money or family connections. But a group of churches had offered me a job as a community organizer for $13,000 a year. And I accepted the job, sight unseen, motivated then by a single, simple, powerful idea—that I might play a small part in building a better America.
My work took me to some of Chicago’s poorest neighborhoods. I joined with pastor s and laypeople to deal with communities that had been ravaged by plant closings. I saw that the problems people faced weren’t simply local in nature— that the decision to close a steel mill was made by distant executives; that the lack of textbooks and computers in schools could be traced to the skewed priorities of politicians a thousand miles away; and that when a child turns to violence, there’s a hole in his heart no government alone can fill.
It was in these neighborhoods that I received the best education I ever had, and where I learned the true meaning of my Christian faith.
After three years of this work, I went to law school , because I wanted to understand how the law should work for those in need. I became a civil rights lawyer and taught constitutional law, and after a time, I came to understand that our cherished rights of liberty and equality depend on the active participation of an
awakened electorate . It was with these ideas in mind that I arrived in this capital city as a State Senator .
It was here, in Springfield, where I saw all that is America converge—farmers and teachers, businessmen and laborers, all of them with a story to tell, all of them seeking a seat at the table, all of them clamoring to be heard. I made lasting friendships here—friends that I see in the audience today.
It was here we learned to disagree without being disagreeable— that it’s possible to compromise so long as you know those principles that can never be compromised; and that so long as we’re willing to listen to each other, we can assume the best in people instead of the worst.
That’s why we were able to reform a death penalty system that was broken. That’s why we were able to give health insurance to children in need. That’s why we made the tax system more fair and just for working families, and that’s why we passed ethics reforms that the cynics said could never, ever be passed.
It was here, in Springfield, where north, south, east, and west come together that I was reminded of the essential decency of the American people—where I came to believe that through this decency, we can build a more hopeful America.
And that is why, in the shadow of the Old State Capitol , where Lincoln once called on a divided house to stand together, where common hopes and common dreams still live, I stand before you today to announce my candidacy for President of the United States.
I recognize there is a certain presumptuousness —a certain audacity —to this announcement. I know I haven’t spent a lot of time learning the ways of Washington. But I’ve been there long enough to know that the ways of Washington must change.
The genius of our founders is that they designed a system of government that can be changed. And we should take heart , because we’ve changed this country before. In the face of tyranny , a band of patriots brought an empire to its knees . In the face of secession , we unified a nation and set the captives free. In the face of Depression , we put people back to work and lifted millions out of poverty. We welcomed immigrants to our shores, we opened railroads to the west, we landed a man on the moon, and we heard a King ’s call to let justice roll down like water, and righteousness like a mighty stream .
Each and every time, a new generation has risen up and done what’s needed to be done. Today we are called once more—and it is time for our generation to answer that call .
For that is our unyielding faith —that in the face of impossible odds, people who love their country can change it.
That’s what Abraham Lincoln understood. He had his doubts. He had his defeats.
He had his setbacks. But through his will and his words, he moved a nation and helped free a people. It is because of the millions who rallied to his cause that we are no longer divided, North and South, slave and free. It is because men and women of every race, from every walk of life , continued to march for freedom long after Lincoln was laid to rest , that today we have the chance to face the challenges of this millennium together, as one people— as Americans.
All of us know what those challenges are today—a war with no end, a dependence on oil that threatens our future, schools where too many children aren’t learning, and families struggling paycheck to paycheck despite working as hard as they can. We know the challenges. We’ve heard them. We’ve talked about them for years.
What’s stopped us from meeting these challenges is not the absence of sound policies and sensible plans. What’s stopped us is the failure of leadership, the smallness of our politics—the ease with which we’re distracted by the petty and trivial , our chronic avoidance of tough decisions , our preference for scoring cheap political points instead of rolling up our sleeves and building a working consensus to tackle big problems .
For the last six years we’ve been told that our mounting debts don’t matter, we’ve been told that the anxiety Americans feel about rising health care costs and stagnant wages are anxxx , we’ve been told that climate change is a hoax ,
and that tough talk and an ill-conceived war can replace diplomacy, and strategy, and foresight. And when all else fails, when Katrina happens, or the death toll in Iraq mounts, we’ve been told that our crises are somebody else’s fault. We’re distracted from our real failures and told to blame the other party, or gay people, or immigrants.
And as people have looked away in disillusionment and frustration , we know what’s filled the void . The cynics, and the lobbyists , and the special interests who’ve turned our government into a game only they can afford to play. They write the checks and you get stuck with the bills, they get the access while you get to write a letter, they think they own this government, but we’re here today to take it back. The time for that politics is over. It’s time to turn the page.
We’ve made some progress already. I was proud to help lead the fight in Congress that led to the most sweeping ethics reform since Watergate .
But Washington has a long way to go. And it won’t be easy. That’s why we’ll have to set priorities. We’ll have to make hard choices. And although government will play a crucial role in bringing about the changes we need, more money and programs alone will not get us where we need to go. Each of us, in our own lives, will have to accept responsibility—for instilling an ethic of achievement in our
children, for adapting to a more competitive economy, for strengthening our communities, and sharing some measure of sacrifice . So let us begin. Let us begin this hard work together. Let us transform this nation.
Let us be the generation that reshapes our economy to compete in the digital age. Let’s set high standards for our schools and give them the resources they need to succeed. Let’s recruit a new army of teachers and give them better pay and more support in exchange for more accountability . Let’s make college more affordable, and let’s invest in scientific research, and let’s lay down broadband lines through the heart of inner cities and rural towns all across America.
And as our economy changes, let’s be the generation that ensures our nation’s workers are sharing in our prosperity . Let’s protect the hard-earned benefits their companies have promised. Let’s make it possible for hardworking Americans to save for retirement. And let’s allow our unions and their organizers to lift up this country’s middle class again.
Let’s be the generation that ends poverty in America. Every single person willing to work should be able to get job training that leads to a job, and earn a living wage that can pay the bills, and afford child care so their kids have a safe place to go when they work. Let’s do this.
Let’s be the generation that finally tackles our health care crisis. We can control costs by focusing on prevention, by providing better treatment to the chronically ill , and using technology to cut the bureaucracy . Let’s be the generation that says right here, right now, that we will have universal health care
in America by the end of the next President’s first term.
Let’s be the generation that finally frees America from the tyranny of oil. We can harness homegrown, alternative fuels like ethanol and spur the production of more fuel-efficient cars. We can set up a system for capping greenhouse gases . We can turn this crisis of global warming into a moment of opportunity for innovation, and job creation, and an incentive for businesses that will serve as a model for the world. Let’s be the generation that makes future generations proud of what we did here.
Most of all, let’s be the generation that never forgets what happened on that September day and confront the terrorists with everything we’ve got. Politics doesn’t have to divide us on this anymore—we can work together to keep our country safe. I’ve worked with Republican Senator Dick Lugar to pass a law that will secure and destroy some of the world’s deadliest, unguarded weapons. We can work together to track terrorists down with a stronger military, we can tighten the net around their finances, and we can improve our intelligence capabilities. But let us also understand that ultimate victory against our enemies will come only by rebuilding our alliances and exporting those ideals that bring hope and opportunity to millions around the globe.
But all of this cannot come to pass until we bring an end to this war in Iraq. Most of you know I opposed this war from the start. I thought it was a tragic mistake. Today we grieve for the families who have lost loved ones, the hearts that have been broken, and the young lives that could have been. America, it’s time to start bringing our troops home. It’s time to admit that no amount of American lives can resolve the political disagreement that lies at the heart of someone else’s civil war. That’s why I have a plan that will bring our combat troops home by March of
2008. Letting the Iraqis know that we will not be there forever is our last, best hope to pressure the Sunni and Shia to come to the table and find peace.
Finally, there is one other thing that is not too late to get right about this war, and that is the homecoming of the men and women—our veteran s—who have sacrificed the most. Let us honor their valor by providing the care they need and rebuilding the military they love. Let us be the generation that begins this work.
I know there are those who don’t believe we can do all these things. I understand the skepticism . After all, every four years, candidates from both parties make similar promises, and I expect this year will be no different. All of us running for President will travel around the country offering ten-point plans and making grand speeches; all of us will trumpet those qualities we believe make us uniquely qualified to lead the country. But too many times, after the election is over, and the confetti is swept away, all those promises fade from memory, and the lobbyists and the special interests move in, and people turn away, disappointed as before, left to struggle on their own.
That is why this campaign can’t only be about me. It must be about us—it must be about what we can do together. This campaign must be the occasion, the vehicle, of your hopes, and your dreams. It will take your time, your energy, and your advice—to push us forward when we’re doing right, and to let us know when we’re not. This campaign has to be about reclaiming the meaning of citizenship, restoring our sense of common purpose, and realizing that few obstacles can withstand the power of millions of voices calling for change.
By ourselves, this change will not happen. Divided, we are bound to fail .
But the life of a tall, gangly , self-made Springfield lawyer tells us that a different future is possible.
He tells us that there is power in words.
He tells us that there is power in conviction .
That beneath all the differences of race and region, faith and station, we are one people.
He tells us that there is power in hope.
As Lincoln organized the forces arrayed against slavery, he was heard to say: “Of strange, discordant , and even hostile elements, we gathered from the four winds, and formed and fought to battle through.”
That is our purpose here today.
That’s why I’m in this race.
Not just to hold an office , but to gather with you to transform a nation.
I want to win that next battle—for justice and opportunity.
I want to win that next battle—for better schools, and better jobs, and health care for all.
I want us to take up the unfinished business of perfecting our union, and building a better America.
And if you will join me in this improbable quest, if you feel destiny calling, and see, as I see, a future of endless possibility stretching before us; if you sense, as I sense, that the time is now to shake off our slumber , and slough off our
fear, and make good on the debt we owe past and future generations, then I’m ready to take up the cause, and march with you, and work with you. Together, starting today, let us finish the work that needs to be done, and usher in a new birth of freedom on this Earth.
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发表于 2009-11-19 19:59:33
