多吃鱼可减少老年痴呆[原创译文］

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大量流行病学资料显示,老年人多吃鱼类有健脑作用..
科学日报消息（2009－07－18）：专家们估计，全球有超过2.4亿人为痴呆所困，他们当中许多人生活在中、低收入的国家。最近人们渐渐关注,饮食因素(特别是油性鱼、肉类)，能否影响痴呆的发生发展及其发病后的严重程度。油性鱼富含ω－3长链多不饱和脂肪酸。有研究称，它们与老年人的认知功能呈正相关。与之相反，另一些研究提示，肉类的消费可能导致认知功能的减弱。为了证实这点,多国学者对7个中、低收入国家的老年人进行了这方面的研究.相关资料可参见2009年美国临床营养杂志的8月期刊.
对来自中国,印度,古巴,多米尼加,委内瑞拉,墨西哥,秘鲁等国家的65岁以上14,960名案例的资料进行了分析,采用标准,符合当地文化背景的、面对面咨询法分析被研究者的饮食习惯,并采用科学、公正的标准对痴呆进行诊断.
除了印度,在上述各国接受调查者中，痴呆的发生与鱼的摄入量呈负相关.这些结果可进一步来解释先前的研究推论：中,低收入国家老年人痴呆高发病与鱼的低摄入有关。先前研究结论是：发达国家老年人的痴呆低发病率与其鱼量的高摄入呈正相关.
研究者认为,这种相关并非由于中低收入国家老年人的总营养不够而引起老年痴呆发病率增高.可能是由于肉类在整个饮食中所占比例过高所致.有关肉类的摄入量与痴呆的关系目前仍然尚不明确.
备注：油性鱼类,指鲑鱼、鳟鱼、鲭鱼、沙丁鱼、鲱鱼、金枪鱼等，富含ω-3脂肪酸。
原文链接：http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/07/090717104621.htm
Large Epidemiologic Study Supports Brain Power Of Fish In Older People
ScienceDaily (July 18, 2009) — Experts estimate that over 24 million people worldwide suffer from dementia, and many of these people live in low- and middle-income countries. Recently, there has been growing interest in whether dietary factors, particularly oily fish and meat, might influence the onset and/or severity of dementia. Oily fish are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which some studies suggest are positively related to cognitive function in later life.
Conversely, there is a suggestion from some studies that increased meat consumption may be related to cognitive decline. To examine this, a group of international researchers studied older people in 7 middle- to low-income countries. You can read the results of their study in the August 2009 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Data from 14,960 participants (≥65 y of age) living in China, India, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Mexico, and Peru were analyzed. Dietary habits were assessed by using standard, culturally appropriate face-to-face interviews, and dementia was diagnosed by using validated culturally and educationally fair criteria.
In each of the study countries, except India, there was an inverse association between fish consumption and dementia prevalence. These data extend to low- and middle-income countries previous conclusions from industrialized countries that increased fish consumption is associated with lower dementia prevalence in later life.
The authors propose that this relation is not due to poor overall nutritional status in those with dementia, because meat consumption tended to be higher in this group. The relation between meat consumption and dementia remains unclear.