大豆中雌激素样成分能降低乳腺癌的发病风险

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Soy estrogen-like compound reduces breast cancer risk

FRIDAY April 11, 2008 (Foodconsumer.org) -- A new study suggests eating soy products such as tofu may significantly reduce women's risk of developing breast cancer, Reuters reported Friday.
2008年4月11日，星期五(Foodconsumer.org) ——一项新的研究表明食用豆制品如豆腐能够显著降低女性患乳腺癌的风险，Reuters在周五报道。

The study involved more than 24,000 middle-aged and older Japanese women and it showed those with the highest levels of genistein were only one-third as likely as others to develop breast cancer over a period of 10 years.
这项涉及24,000名日本中老年妇女的研究表明那些染料木黄酮最高水平组在10年内患乳腺癌的几率只是其他组的1/3。

The results were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
这项结果发表在临床肿瘤学杂志上。

Genistein is an isoflavone found in soybeans, which is structurally similar to the human hormone estrogen, meaning it can act like estrogen.
染料木黄酮是在大豆中发现的一种异黄酮，它的结构类似于人的雌激素，这意味着它可以发挥雌激素样的作用。

The effect of soy products on risk of breast cancer is not well understood and previous studies on the issue are inconsistent.
豆制品如何作用于乳腺癌危险因素自今仍未弄清楚，之前的关于这方面的研究得出了不一致的结果。

Scientists have already known that endogenous estrogen is probably tens of thousands times more powerful than estrogen-like phyto-chemicals when it comes to affecting the breast cancer risk.
科学家已经发现，在乳腺癌发病方面，内源性的雌激素的作用可能是雌激素样植物性化学物质作用的数万倍。

Estrogen is a known risk factor for certain women. A common theory is that genistein could compete with the natural estrogen for estrogen receptors on body cells and reduce the risk of breast cancer.
对一些妇女来说，雌激素是一个确认的危险因素。普遍接受的理论认为，染料木黄酮能够在细胞内与内源性雌激素竞争受体，从而降低乳腺癌的发病风险。

\"This finding suggests a risk-reducing rather than a risk-enhancing effect of isoflavones on breast cancer, even at relatively high concentrations within the range achievable from dietary intake alone,\" Dr. Motoki Iwasaki of the National Cancer Center in Tokyo and colleagues were quoted as writing.
“这个发现表明异黄酮有降低而不是升高乳腺癌发病风险的作用，即使在一个相对高浓度——只要这个浓度在只经过食物摄入可达到的范围内。”东京的国家癌症中心Dr. Motoki Iwasaki 和他的同事被引述。

For the study, participants were surveyed for their dietary habits and followed by an average of 10 years during which 144 women were diagnosed with breast cancer.
在这个研究中，参与调查者被问及她们的饮食习惯，并进行一个平均十年的追踪调查，在这十年中，共有144个被调查者被诊断为患上了乳腺癌。

When these women were decided into four groups based on the level of genistein in their blood, the researchers found that those who consumed the highest were 65 percent less likely to develop breast cancer than the women who ate the lowest levels of genistein.
她们根据血液中染料木黄酮的水平被分成四组，研究者发现，染料木黄酮最高水平组比genistein最低水平组患乳腺癌的几率低65%。

But moderate levels of the isoflavone were not linked to reduced risk of breast cancer.
但是中间组与乳腺癌发病风险的降低没有相关性。

The level of genistein in each participant in the study was measured in the blood, a practice that differed from many other studies. This means this current study may be more trustworthy.
每个实验参与者都测量血液中染料木黄酮的水平，这是该实验与其他许多实验的不同点。这也意味着该研究更为可信。

Iwasaki was cited as saying that the findings suggest that high dietary intake of isoflavone may help reduce breast cancer risk. But it remains unknown whether the women in the western countries could have the same benefits.
Iwasaki被引用——因为发现高异黄酮的摄入量能降低乳腺癌的发病风险。但西方国家妇女是否能同样受益还是未知的。

In Japan and other Asian countries, consumption of soy starts from a young age. In the West, eating soy products is uncommon among young people.
在日本和其他亚洲国家，人们很小就开始食用豆制品。在西方，年轻人食用豆制品则是不常见的。