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Superbug MRSA spreading fast, report warns
Experts call for more hospital hand-washing
LISA PRIEST
A staggering 29,000 Canadian hospital patients acquired the superbug MRSA in a one-year period, including an estimated 2,300 whose deaths were partly attributed to the pernicious bacteria, federal figures released today show.令人惊讶！今天公布的联邦数据显示，在一年的时间内加拿大医院有２９００名病人感染上超级病菌MRSA（耐甲氧西林金葡菌），约有2300名病人一定程度上因这种致命菌死亡。
The increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus translates into 12,000 new infections plus 17,000 patients who became colonized, said Andrew Simor, co-chairman of the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. (Being colonized with MRSA means the patients are carriers who are not infected and show no symptoms.)加拿大医院感染监督计划联合主席Andrew Simor说，新增了1200名MRSA感染者，另有1700名病人定殖该病菌。（定殖MRSA病菌就是病人协带该菌但是没有感染且没有症状。）
\"Hospital infections are a major burden to good medical care,\" said Dr. Simor, who made the projections based on the just-released 2006 rates from 48 hospitals in nine provinces. 2006年9省区48家医院的感染率刚刚发布，负责该项目的Simor博士说：“院内感染对好的医疗卫生来说是一个主要的负担”
As the modern day scourge of the health-care system, hospital-acquired infections such as MRSA afflict 220,000 Canadians each year. The number who die from them - at least 8,000 - is equal to those killed by car accidents and breast cancer combined.作为现代医疗体系的灾难，医院获得性MRSA在每年要折磨220000加拿大人。他们当中每年至少有8000人死亡——这数目相当于因车祸和乳腺癌死亡人数的总和。
It's no wonder, then, that the Public Health Agency of Canada has taken on the superbug as a priority.难怪现在加拿大公共卫生署把超级病菌作为重点考虑对象。
Howard Njoo, director-general of the agency's Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, which oversees the group that did the surveillance, said the new figures show MRSA continues to be transmitted in the health-care setting.传染病与感染管制中心部门总监、监察监测团队的Howard Njoo医生，新的数据显示MRSA仍在医疗保健点传播。
In an effort to help stop the spread of MRSA, Dr. Njoo said his agency is working with other groups on several measures, including surveillance, dispersing the best information on how to avoid spreading the infections, educating front-line workers and targeting interventions proven to reduce MRSA. \"Infection control practices can be improved, and collectively, we have a responsibility,\" Dr. Njoo said in a telephone interview from Ottawa yesterday. \"And the data there shows we need to do more.\"Njoo医生说在阻止MRSA漫延的努力中，他部门的团队与其它部门进行了几次的合作，包括监测、分享避免感染传播的有利的信息、对一线工作者进行培训及为减少MRSA传播定点目标干涉。在渥太华的电话采访中Njoo医生说：“感染控制措施可以改进，我们大家都有责任，而且数据显示我们要做的还有好多”
Experts say proper hand hygiene can cut by half the number of hospital-acquired MRSA cases. Yet only 40 per of doctors, nurses and other health-care workers properly wash their hands.专家说严格的手的卫生可以减少一半的医院获得性MRSA病例。然而只有40%的医生、护士及其它的医护人员严格地洗手。
A formidable hospital invader, MRSA can hide inside a nostril, on a hand or in soiled clothing. Symptoms can vary from a blotch of reddened skin - treatable with a topical antibiotic - to blood poisoning, decayed lungs and infected heart valves after what may have begun as an innocuous hospital visit.作为一种可怕的侵袭者，MRSA可以隐藏在鼻孔内、手上及污染的衣服中。开始可能只作为一般的门诊，症状多变，从一块红斑——用典型的抗生素治疗——到败血症、肺部***、心脏瓣膜感染。
Marie-Marthe Becigneul, 48, of Orford in the Eastern Townships of Quebec is a living example of the devastation an MRSA infection can bring.魁北克东部小镇Orford48岁的Marie-Marthe Becigneul是一个因感染MRSA带来灾难的活生生的例子。
When she acquired the superbug in 2006 after surviving half a dozen operations for flesh-eating disease, she was rendered a paraplegic. Today, her dream is to be able to walk again.当她在2006年感染上这个病菌，经过6 个手术后幸存，她现在截瘫。现在，她的梦想就是能够重新行走。
\"You go into hospitals and it's like you see that nobody's washing their hands,\" Ms. Becigneul said in a telephone interview yesterday.Becigneul 女士在昨天的电话采访中说：”你去医院看看，他们好像没有一个人会手\"
Ryan Sidorchuk, patient safety advocate for the World Health Organization, called the newly released numbers \"concerning\" but said he was \"happy to see we're taking steps so we do not become as bad as the United States,\" where the rates are far higher.WHO病人安全的拥护者Ryan Sidorchuk对刚刚发布的数据表示“忧虑”，但是他说：“很幸喜地看到我们正在采取措施，我们没有像美国一样糟糕。”那里的感染率更高。
And Michael Gardam, director of infection prevention and control for Toronto's University Health Network, said the MRSA rate has \"been going up year after year after year and we [Canada] haven't made any concerted effort to try to control this.\"多伦多大学健康中心感染与控制部门主任Michael Gardam说MRSA的感染率已“一年一年上升，到现在我们（加拿大）还没有一致的方案来控制它。“
Conversely, the University Health Network - which includes the Toronto General, Princess Margaret and Toronto Western hospitals - has made that concerted effort, and for the first time saw a decline in cases as most hospitals are seeing an increase.相反，在多伦多大学医疗网络——包括多伦多全科医院、玛格丽特公主和多伦多西部医院——他们已经达到了一致的效果，在大多数医院病倒数上升的情况下他们第一次看到下降。
Specifically, the network had 129 cases of hospital-acquired MRSA in the 2007 calendar year, compared with 144 cases in 2006, Dr. Gardam said. \"It's taken us several years to get to this stage,\" he said. \"... We should have scary rates. We're admitting more than the average amount of MRSA patients, but we're spreading it less.\"特别地，相比2006年144个医院获得性MRSA病例，2007年这个网络只有129名。Gardam 医生说：”它花费了我们好几年的时间来达到这一步，……我们本不有令人可怕的感染率。我承认我们要高于平均的MRSA病人数，但是我们的传播正在减少。“
Installing alcohol hand-rub dispensers, screening all overnight patients for MRSA, ensuring infection control practices are followed and handing out Tim Hortons coupons to those caught in the act of cleansing their hands are some of the network's efforts to drive the rate down.安装酒精擦手器、对过夜的病人全部普查MRSA、确保感染控制得到实施及要求Tim Hortons 连锁店分发优惠券时洗手，这是网络促使感染率下降的一些措施。
Dr. Simor, head of microbiology and infectious diseases at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, points out that the infections are not only a burden to patient care, but to the health-care system overall. He estimated the new MRSA infections in 2006 cost Canada's system $200-million to $250-million.桑尼布鲁克健康科学中心微生物与感染部主任Simor医生指出，感染不只给病人护理带来负担，它还影响整个医疗体系。他估计2006年新感染MRSA的病人花费加拿大2亿到2.亿加元。
The infection spreads感染的传播
A 2006 survey of 48 hospitals in nine provinces on newly identified methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases for admitted patients shows an increase, especially in Central Canada.2006年对9省48家医院入院病人的调查显示新的MRSA病例在增加，在加拿大中部尤其明显。
Incidence rate per 1,000 patient admissions每1000入院病人的感染率
Western: 6.33西部：6.33Central: 9.86中部:9.86Eastern: 6.39东部:6.39Overall: 8.04总体:8.04
*patients infected with MSRA, **asymptomatic carriers who are not infected with MRSA.
CARRIE COCKBURN/THE GLOBE AND MAIL; SOURCE: CNISP |
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发表于 2008-4-24 07:36:19