孕期锻炼对孕妇和胎儿均有益

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Maternal exercise benefits mother and infant
Mon Apr 7, 2008 4:52pm EDT
By Megan Rauscher

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Exercise during pregnancy has cardiovascular benefits not just for the mother but for the developing fetus as well, according to research presented Monday at the 121st annual meeting of the American Physiological Society, part of the Experimental Biology 2008 scientific conference.

The results of this pilot study \"imply an exciting potential benefit of maternal exercise on fetal cardiac autonomic nervous system regulation,\" Dr. Linda E. May from Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences in Kansas City, Missouri told Reuters Health.

The autonomic nervous system controls the body's involuntary activities, such as the beating of the heart, blood pressure, breathing rate, and functions in the internal organs.

May and colleagues tested the hypothesis that fetuses exposed to exercise in the womb have better autonomic function compared with that of fetuses not exposed to exercise.

The researchers measured the fetal heart rate and heart rate variability between 28 to 36 weeks of pregnancy in women who exercised and those who did not -- 5 women performed moderate intensity aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes, 3 times per week, while the other 5 did not partake in a regular exercise regime.

In a telephone interview with Reuters Health, May said that fetuses exposed to maternal exercise had significantly lower heart rates than fetuses not exposed to exercise. At each stage of pregnancy, the differences between the average fetal heart rates of the two groups were statistically significant, she noted.

At 32 weeks of pregnancy, the fetal heart rate variability was also significantly higher in the exercise group than in the non-exercise group. This relationship was weaker but still evident at 36 weeks of pregnancy.

\"When the mom exercises during pregnancy, the unborn baby gets the same type of training effect that you would see in an adult - so you see the lower heart rate and also improved heart rate variability, which is evidence of improvements in the nervous system of the heart.\"

\"Maternal exercise may be the earliest intervention to improve the heart of children and possibly the best,\" May concluded.

{http://www.reuters.com/article/h ... 85020080407?sp=true}
2008年4月7日，周一，4:52pm EDT
作者：Megan Rauscher
据路透社健康（纽约）消息，根据试验生物学2008年科学论坛上召开的美国生理学会第121届年会发布的研究结果，美国密苏里州Kansas城市大学Linda E. May博士开展研究结果表明，孕期锻炼不仅对孕妇的心血管有好处，还对发育中的胎儿有益。该研究结果发表于试验生物学2008年科学论坛上召开的美国生理学会第121届年会上。
May博士及其同事假设子宫中的胎儿在母亲进行锻炼的情况下，将会具有更好的自主功能。他们分别将10名孕妇分为两组，5名孕妇每周进行3次，每次进行至少30分钟中等强度的有氧训练，而其他5名孕妇并不执行该锻炼日程。然后在怀孕28周至36周期间内，对进行锻炼和不进行锻炼的两组孕妇的胎儿心率进行测定。结果表明，与孕妇不进行锻炼的胎儿相比，孕妇进行锻炼后胎儿的心率显著降低，并且她还注意到，在怀孕的各个时期，两组胎儿之间的平均心率差异都非常显著。在怀孕32周，锻炼孕妇组胎儿的心率差异仍然显著高于不锻炼的孕妇组，直到怀孕的36周，这种差异尽管非常弱，但仍然存在。
最后，May博士总结认为：“当妈妈在怀孕期间进行锻炼，腹中的胎儿也经历了与大人一样的锻炼，所以可以观测到降低的心率以及心率差异的增加，而这都可以证明心脏神经系统功能的增强，孕妇的锻炼可以最早影响胎儿的心脏，增强其功能并尽可能的使其功能达到最佳”。