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Who Is Likely To Get Dry Eye Syndrome After LASIK Surgery?
ScienceDaily (Mar. 6, 2008) — Scientists at Schepens Eye Research Institute have found that people with a certain low level of tear production are more likely to develop chronic dry eye syndrome after LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis), laser refractive surgery to correct near- and far-sightedness than those with more plentiful tears. Their research, published in the January issue of Investigative Ophthalmology and Vision Science, may offer reliable prescreening criteria for ophthalmologists and patients.
ScienceDaily（2008年3月6日）－Schepens眼睛研究学院的科学家们发现，产生眼泪相对较少的人群在接受LASIK（激光原位角膜移植术，即激光折射手术纠正近视或远视）手术后，比那些比较容易产生眼泪的人群更容易得慢性干眼综合征。根据他们发表在一月的IOVS杂志上面的一篇文章，他们的研究可以为眼科医师和病人提供更可靠的预先筛分标准。
\"These findings should help ophthalmologists determine if pretreatment is necessary before surgery or if surgery is appropriate at all for an individual,\" says Dr. Darlene Dartt, director of the Military Vision Research Program at Schepens Eye Research Institute and the principal investigator of the study.
Schepens眼睛研究学院军事视力研究项目的负责人和主要研究者－Darlene Dartt博士说，“这些发现将帮助眼科医师在手术前确定是否需要对患者做一个预处理，或是对某个患者而言是否这个手术是恰当的”。
Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common problems treated by eye physicians. Affecting more than 10 million Americans, it is caused by problems with the tear film responsible for lubricating the eye. While it does not cause vision loss, dry eye syndrome can be painful and severely decrease quality of life for its victims who constantly search for relief with artificial tears and other medications.
干眼综合征是最常见的眼科疾患之一。这个问题影响了一千多万的美国人，它的产生主要是由于用于滋润眼睛的泪膜产生不足。干眼综合征并不会造成视力下降，不过会让人觉得痛，严重降低患者的生活质量，患者经常要通过人造眼泪或是其他药物来减轻这种痛苦。
LASIK surgery uses small laser cuts to reshape the surface of the cornea, eliminating far-sightedness or near-sightedness, and the need for glasses or contacts. Many people choose LASIK for cosmetic reasons. In recent years, thousands of military personnel have opted for LASIK surgery because it can help them see better and identify objects and people in the field more quickly. It also relieves them of the worry about lost or damaged glasses.
LASIK手术使用小的激光切口对角膜重新塑形，消除远视或近视，使人们不在需要镜框眼镜或接触镜。许多人做LASIK手术是为了漂亮。近年来，数千的军事职员也选择做LASIK手术，这样可以使得他们看的更清楚，更快看清楚战场上的物体和人，而且也减轻了他们对镜框眼镜丢失或是损坏的担心。
Usually, LASIK causes some dry eye syndrome directly after surgery, but the condition resolves within a few months. In a small number of cases, however, the dry eye condition following LASIK can become chronic and impact functioning of both civilian and military individuals for as long as nine months following surgery.
通常在LASIK手术后会导致干眼综合征，不过几个月内这种状况会自己消失。然而少数患者，LASIK术后的眼睛干燥的情况会在术后转为慢性并影响普通人或是军事职员的眼睛的机能长达9个月。
Dartt and her team were determined to find a way to prescreen for the chronic condition so that surgeons could prepare patients in advance with preventative artificial tears or opt against surgery for some patients.
Dartt和她的团队决定找到一个办法，可以预先筛分出可能出现慢性干眼综合征的患者，这样对这类病人可以预先做好准备，使用预防性的人造眼泪或是不用手术的其他治疗选择。
Dartt and her team evaluated the eyes of 24 patients about to undergo LASIK at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. The patients were given a series of evaluations, including the Schirmer test with and without anesthesia, before and after surgery. Using a piece of paper on the corneal surface, the Schirmer test measures the amount of tears an eye is producing. Study subjects also filled out a dry eye questionnaire indicating their experience with dry eyes pre- and post-operatively.
Dartt和她的团队评估了在马萨诸塞眼耳医院做了LASIK手术的24个患者的眼睛。患者接受了一系列的评估，包括术前和术后接受麻醉和未经麻醉的Schirmer测试。在角膜的表面使用一张纸，Schirmer测试可以测出一个眼睛能够产生的眼泪的数量。这些患者也填写了一个关于眼睛干燥方面的问卷，记述了他们在术前和术后眼睛干燥状况的感受。
The team discovered that if a patient had a presurgical tear production value greater than 20 mm of wetting of the Schrimer strip in 5 minutes, they were not likely to develop chronic dry eye syndrome. Patients who produced less tears were more likely to develop long-term dry eye syndrome.
她们的团队发现，如果患者在手术前Schrimer测试中在5分钟内可以产生大于20mm的湿润Schrimer带，那么他们不容易出现慢性干眼综合征；而那些少于这个标准的患者则易于出现长期干眼综合征。
According to Dartt, the next steps for her team include expanding this study to a larger number of individuals and examining patients who have the PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) type of refractive surgery. The PRK has the same goal as LASIK, but the procedures differ. In LASIK a flap of corneal epithelium is cut and lifted to allow the underlying stroma to be shaped by the laser. Then the flap is placed down on the eye. In PRK the corneal epithelium is mechanically removed to allow laser shaping of the stroma. The epithelium then grows back over several days. LASIK and PRK have different side effects.
根据Dartt的设计，她的团队下一步将把这个题目扩展到研究更大数量的人群，检查接受了PPK（光性屈光性角膜切削术）手术的患者。PPK与LASIK有相同的目的，不过手术过程不同。在LASIK手术中，角膜表面薄薄的层面被切割提升，使得下面的基质由激光塑形，然后切割后的角膜薄层位于眼睛之下。在PPK手术中，角膜表面被机械地移开来使得下面的基质可以由激光塑形。几天后角膜上皮还长回来。LASIK和PPK有不同的副作用。
Authors of the study included Keiko Konomi, Li-Li Chen,Rachel S. Tarko, Amy Scally, Debra A. Schaumberg, Dimitri Azar, and Darlene A. Dartt
该项研究作者包括Keiko Konomi, Li-Li Chen,Rachel S. Tarko, Amy Scally, Debra A. Schaumberg, Dimitri Azar, and Darlene A. Dartt
Schepens Eye Research Institute is an affiliate of Harvard Medical School and the largest independent eye research institute in the nation.
Schepens眼科研究学院是哈佛医科大学的附属医院，是国家最大的独立眼科研究学院 |
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发表于 2008-3-13 16:48:03
