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摘 要
本文主要对蜂胶的超临界萃取、分离、成分分析、萃取物样品的产品化及产品的毒性、抗氧化功能的研究,主要结果如下:
1、采用超临界CO2流体技术萃取,主要从萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、辅料与原料的比例、萃取流速等方面对萃取效果的考察,得到萃取的 最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度60℃,萃取压力30MPa,萃取时间4h,原料与辅料的比例为3:1,萃取流速50kg/h,最后蜂胶的萃取率达到25%。
2、针对蜂胶加携带剂萃取的一些文献,在此基础上进行了蜂胶液的超临界萃取研究,得出蜂胶液经过超临界萃取能够使极性弱的黄酮与极性强的黄酮分离开来。
3、通过气相色谱质谱连用技术分析了蜂胶萃取物的物质组成,共检测出80个组分,解析出79个组分。其主要成分为黄酮类、挥发油、有机酸、和萜烯类以及烯烃、烷烃等。为大家更好地认识蜂胶提供又一参考。
4、设计了蜂胶萃取物和番茄红素油进行产品配比的比例,并且进行了产品质量标准的研究,通过对设定配方的番茄红素蜂胶软胶囊中番茄红素为指标的产品质量考察,发现超临界萃取蜂胶不影响番茄红素的检测,而且得出将番茄红素作为该产品的考察指标是切实可行的结论。
5、通过小鼠动物试食实验证明样品经过健康的成年小鼠灌胃,灌胃量为21.5g/kg.bw,在实验期间无中毒或死亡情况,雌雄无差异,根据急性毒性分级标准,该样品属于无毒范围。三项致突变试验(Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验、精子畸形试验)结果均为阴性。
6、产品果蝇生存试验结果显示出具有延长果蝇平均寿命和平均最高寿命的作用;小鼠抗氧化试验结果表明受试物具有升高老龄小鼠SOD活力和降低MDA含量的作用。根据保健食品功能学评价程序与检验方法,判定该产品具有抗氧化的作用。
关键词:蜂胶、超临界萃取、GC-MS、分析、软胶囊、抗氧化
Abstract
This paper mainly on propolis supercritical extraction, separation, component analysis, extraction of samples of the products and toxic products, antioxidant capacity, the main findings are as follows:
Using supercritical CO2 extraction technique, mainly inspect extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio and respect the results of extraction.The optimal experimental parameters were30MPa extraction pressure, 3:1 solid-liquid ratio, 60℃extraction temperature, 4h extraction time and 50kg/h fluid velocity. the final extraction rate of propolis 25%.
Against some of the literature of propolis extracting with entrainer, based on this propolis liquid was researched by the supercritical fluid extraction , and this research shows that the supercritical fluid extraction could separat the weak polarity flavonoid and strong polarity flavonoids of propolis.
The components were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and elucidated on the standard mass spectral data. Eighty kinds of components were separated. Among them ,seventy-nine ones were identified and their relative contents in percentage were identified and their relative contents in percentage were caculated . Its main ingredients of flavonoids, volatile oil, organic acids, and terpene vinyl and olefins, and alkanes. For a better understanding of Propolis we provide another reference.
The optimum production formula was determined between propolis extract and tomato-product, and the product quality and standards was researched(studied). The Lycopene content of propolis Lycopene soft capsules was determinated, the result indicated that supercritical extract propolis have no effect the lycopene testing. And we draw a conclusion that it is practicabl inspectting the product by detectting Lycopene content.
The samples gavage healthy adult mice, the oral administration of 21.5g/kg.bw, during the experiment without poisoning or death situation, no difference in male and female, under acute toxicity grading standards, the samples are nontoxic range. Three mutation test (Ames test, bone marrow micronucleus test in mice, sperm abnormality test) were negative.
Product Drosophila survival test results indicate that the average life and the average maximum life of Drosophila has extended; Mouse anti-oxidation test results show that the product maked aging mice increase activity of SOD and reduce the Content of MDA.( Mouse anti-oxidation test results show that activity of SOD increases and the Content of MDA reduces after aging mice eatting the product. )We can judge that the product is antioxidantive according to health food functional evaluation procedures and test methods .
Keywords: propolis, supercritical extraction and GC-MS analysis, soft capsules, antioxidant |
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