自考英语语法复习资料（17）

flying200016

3. 非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式：

　　the bridge to be built 将要建造的桥 （表示将来的动作）

　　the bridge being built 正在建造的桥 （表示正在进行的动作）

　　the bridge built 造好的桥 （表示完成的动作）

　　4. 过去分词和–ing分词作表语的区别：

　　过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，如：

　　Hearing the news，we felt very surprised. 听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶

　　The news is very surprising. 这个消息很令人惊讶。

　　They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。

　　At the sight of the moving scene，all the people present were moved to tears.

　　看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。

　　英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：amusing，amused；encouraging，encouraged；disappointing，disappointed；exciting，excited；puzzling，puzzled；

　　satisfying，satisfied；worrying，worried；tiring，tired；pleasing，pleased；interesting，interested；astonishing，astonished等。

　　5. 过去分词和–ing分词作定语的区别：

　　过去分词作定语和-ing分词作定语有一定的区别。试比较下面几组短语：

　　boiled water开水 boiling water正沸腾的水

　　developed countries发展的国家 developing countries发展中国家

　　fallen leaves落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子

　　changed condition改变了的情况 changing condition变化着的情况

　　由此可见，过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。

　　1. I'm going to have my car .

　　A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix

　　2. What's the language in Germany？

　　A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak

　　3. some officials， Napoleon inspected his army.

　　A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. having been followed by

　　4. He had his leg in the match yesterday.

　　A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking

　　5. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists.

　　A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting

　　6. more attention， the trees could have grown better.

　　A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

　　7. The murderer was brought in， with his hands behind his back.

　　A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied

　　8. The computer center， last year， is very popular among the students in this school.

　　A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened

　　9. in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose

　　10. The Olympic Games， in 776BC， didn‘t include women players until 1912.

　　A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first played

　　11. Don‘t get in the rain.

　　A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught

　　12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road.

　　A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick

　　13. ——By the way， when did you get your bedroom ？ ——Last week.

　　A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted

　　14. The children were found in the cave.

　　A. trapping B. trapped C. to be trapped D. be trapped

　　15. They found a old woman on the ground when the door was broken down.

　　A. dying， lying B. dead， lied C. death， laying D. died， lain

　　16. On a morning the little girl was found at the corner of the street.

　　A. freezing， freezing B. freezing， frozen C. frozen， frozen D. frozen， freezing

　　17. No one enjoys fun of in public.

　　A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make

　　18. Before he came to London， he had never heard a single English word .

　　A. speaking B. spoken C. to be spoken D. speak

　　19. from space， the earth， with water seventy percent of its surface， looks like a blue ball.

　　A. Seen， covered B. Seen， covering C. Seeing， covering D. Seeing， covered

　　20. An crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star.

　　A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitedly

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　　1——5 C B B B A 6——10 A D D C A

　　11—15 D B B B A 16——20 B B B B A