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试卷十五
2004 年 3 月考题
TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on Jan.1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishers for as much as $1 million.
Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route.
But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.
In fact, a survey released Oct.22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.
分析：
① At a time when the public is being assaulted withunsolicited e-mail ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation.
译文：鉴于公众不断收到垃圾邮件广告，加利福尼亚决定开展有史以来最为严厉的打击活动。
考点： 转态译法：省略被动词 is being assaulted with → 收到
assault: n/v the act or an instance of unlawfully threatening or attempting to injure another 侵犯人身的行为 （文中等价于 harass ）
正反译法： unsolicited → 未被恳求的（反译）
→主动提供的；垃圾（正译）
省略表达法： ad=advert=advertisement
fridge=refrigerator
admin=administration
lab=laboratory
gov=government
uni=university
② A law (that goes into effect on Jan.1) allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and suespammers (who violate their wishers) for as much as $1 million.
译文： 1 月 1 日，加州通过一条法律，使得计算机用户有权拒收垃圾邮件，并对邮件发送者提出诉讼，要求最高达一百万美元的赔偿。
考点： 增词译法：增加主语： a law that goes into effect → 加州 通过一条法律
定语从句的翻译：融合法： a law that goes into effect on Jan.1
spammers who violate their wishers
省词译法： en masse: all together 全体；一起
在文中如表述为“拒绝一起发来不需要的邮件”，实无必要，译成“有权拒收垃圾邮件”
正反译法： unwanted→ 垃圾（正译）
借代（ Allusion ）： spam 原义为斯帕姆午餐肉（一种将碎猪肉挤成长方形的罐头肉制品商标），后来由于销售不佳则加大广告力度，使消费者产生审美疲劳。现在 spam 为兜售信息 [ 邮件，广告，新闻，文章 ] ，非索要信息，与垃圾邮件（ junk mail ）同义
转性译法：介词→动词 for→ 要求
③ Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches (that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates) have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers.
译文：垃圾邮件内容五花八门，既包括健身美体广告，也包括优惠的按揭贷款广告。加州的打击行动力度十足，但这也使得美国商会和占据庞大市场份额的公司局促不安。
考点： pitch=advertisement
deflect: turn sth/sb from its/his intended course of action 转变原定行动步骤
定语从句的翻译：省略法
ire: anger 愤怒
转性译法：名词→形容词 ire →局促不安
④ Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution (that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states (that are going the same route)).
译文：他们担心这样的法律会阻碍在线广告的发展，所有就提出保守得多的措施，力图减弱加州和其他采取类似法律的各州的影响。
考点： 分词短语的翻译：主语前置法： Fearing…, they… →他们担心
具体译法：加字法： advertising →广告的发展
curtail （同） : impede, obstruct, hinder, clog, block, encumber, hamper, retard, thwart, restrain, curb
定语从句的翻译：第一句用了融合法，表示目的，第二句用了前置法。
route: law
⑤ But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.
译文：但这种做法只考虑个人利益，自然难以获得支持。潮水般涌来的垃圾邮件不仅令电脑用户大为光火，而且也大大影响了正常邮件的传递速度。结果，商家还要花费大笔金钱打击垃圾邮件。
考点： 拆分：单词拆分句子： self-interest → 做法只考虑个人利益
转性译法：名词→形容词 flood →潮水般
wanted→ 正常 unwanted→ 垃圾
抽象译法： billions→ 大笔金钱
⑥ In fact, a survey released Oct.22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce (these business groups say they want to preserve).
译文：事实上， 10 月 22 日一项调查表明，垃圾邮件的泛滥使得商家苦心经营的电子商务严重受损。
考点： 转态译法：主被交换 a survey released Oct.22→10 月 22 日一项调查表明
定语从句的翻译：前置法
⑦ The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group (that studies public issues), found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.
译文：据专门研究公共事务的非赢利性组织皮优（ Pew ）慈善基金会调查显示，有 25% 的人因为垃圾邮件的缘故减少了电子邮件的使用，而 75% 的人则不愿把自己的邮件地址告诉别人，甚至不愿意告诉在线零售商。
考点： 定语从句的翻译： a non-profit group that studies public issues
专门研究公共事务的非赢利性组织
Charitable Trusts → 公益信托；慈善基金会
有灵动词与无灵动词转换： the survey…found → 据 … 调查显示
正反译法： reluctant →不愿把（反译）
增词译法：增加动词： even to online retailers → 告诉 在线零售商
TRANSLATIONS TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在 2000 多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。
从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。
分析：
① 中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。
译文： The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course// long-standing and well-established.
② 早在 2000 多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。
译文： More than 2000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, “the masters’ hundred schools.”
考点： 转性译法：形容词 → 动词 有地位的 → figure prominently
与中国历史有关的重要人物名录
黄帝
Yellow Emperor
大禹
玄奘（唐三藏）
Xuan Zhuang; Tripitaka
武则天
Empress Wu Zetian
忽必烈 ( 元世祖 , 元朝皇帝 , 成吉思汗之孙 )
Kublai Khan
成吉思汗（铁木真）
Genghis Khan; Temujin
马可 • 波罗
Marco Polo
孙中山
Dr. Sun Yat-sen
宋庆龄
Mme. (Madame) Soong Ching Ling
蒋介石
Chiang Kai-shek
白求恩
Dr. Norman Bethune
司徒雷登
John Leighton
中国文化事件、事物
百家争鸣
Hundred schools of thought contended
《论语》
Analects of Confucius
法家
School of Law / Legalism
《道德经》
Dao De Jing (by Lao Zi)
阴阳五行学派
school of yin-yang and the five elements
近、现代史
《南京条约》
Treaty of Nanjing
太平天国
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
小刀会
Little Sword Society
八国联军
Eight-Power Allied Forces
圆明园
Garden of Perfect Splendor
《天津条约》
Treaties of Tienstin
《北京条约》
Convention of Peking
《马关条约》（现下关）
Treaty of Shimonoseki
百日维新
Hundred Day’s Reform
义和团运动
Boxers Movement
《辛丑条约》
Treaty of 1901
三民主义
Three People’s Principles
民族主义
Nationalism
民权主义
Democracy
民生主义
People’s Livelihood
天下为公
All under heaven are equal.
辛亥革命
Revolution of 1911
国民党
KMT (Kuomintang)
新民主主义革命
New Democratic Revolution
黄埔军校
Whampoa Military Academy
长征
Long March
“九一八”事变
September 18th Incident
南京大屠杀
Nanjing Massacre
《波茨坦公告》
Potsdam Proclamation
广岛和长崎
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
抗日战争胜利日
V-J Day
开国大典
grand ceremony for the founding of the PRC
③ 从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。
译文： From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities//treasures, which are essentially populist and democratic.
④ 比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。
译文： For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that all under heaven are equal, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, “everybody is responsible for the rise and fall// fate of the country;” and bearing/suffering/enduring/undergoing/experiencing hardships and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education.
考点： 增词译法：增加主语：强调 → they lay
增加名词：强调 … lay stress on the importance of
⑤ 所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。
译文： All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.
posted on 2007-07-04 22:04 新东方小新 |
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发表于 2007-7-5 11:39:13