6. … find it difficult to succeed in language learning.
… find it difficult to succeed in other fields.
句中的it是形式宾语(formal object),真正的宾语(real object)是不定式to succeed in language learning,此类用法在英语中很常见,请注意掌握。如:At first I found it difficult to remember all these new words.(开始我感到记住这些单词很难。)
请翻译下面的句子:
1) 外面的噪音使我无法继续工作。
(The noise outside made it difficult for me to go on with my work.)
2) 他们觉得再争论下去是浪费时间。
(They consider it a waste of time to argue any further.)
3) 她认为把真相告诉小王是对的。
(She thought it right to tell Xiao Wang the truth.)
7. Language teachers often offer advice to language learners.
本句中注意掌握动词offer的用法,请看下面的例句:
1) He offered me a cup of tea after I sat down. (我坐下后他给我端来一杯茶。)
2) What suggestions would you like to offer to those young teachers? (对这些新教师你有什么建议要提吗?)
3) This shop offers all kinds of stationery.(这家商店供应各种文具。)
4) The old man offered me 100 yuan for the used bike.
(那个老人向我出价100元买这辆旧自行车。)
5) She offered to help me with my English.(她表示愿意帮我学英语。)
句中的advice为不可数名词,其后不加s,正如课本第六页注解3所说,有许多东西在汉语中是可数的,在英语中却是不可数的。如news, information, paper 等,若要表示“一个”这类概念,就必须加a piece of这类定语,例如:
a piece of news
a piece of advice
a sum of money
a piece of bread
8. Read as much as you can.
句中的much 是副词,用副词作同等比较时,可以用as … as和so … as 这种结构,如:
1) Read as much as you can and your vocabulary will be enlarged.(尽量多阅读,你的词汇量就会扩大。)
2) We must arrange everything as well as we can.(我们要把一切尽可能地安排好。)
3) Please give me a call as soon as possible.(请尽早给我打电话。)
4) I don't speak English so well as you.(我英语讲得没你好。)
9. Practice speaking the language every day.
practice 在美国英语中可以做动词也可以做名词,而在英国英语中,practice是名词,动词的拼写则是practise.
作动词用时,其后只能跟动名词,不能跟不定式。如:It is really no fun to practice running in such hot weather.(在这样炎热的天气里练跑步可真不是好玩的。)
10. Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.
that successful language learners are similar in many ways 是宾语从句。在非正式场合下that引导宾语从句时可省略。如:I think (that) you are right.
请翻译下面的句子:
1) 小男孩承认是他打碎了窗玻璃。
(The little boy admitted that he broke the window.)
2) 大量证据表明他是有罪的。(Plenty of evidence shows that he is guilty.)
3) 我保证将会给他更多的帮助。(I promised that I would give him more help.)
11. … they discover their own way to learn the language. to learn the language
不定式做定语,例如:Is it the best way to solve the problem?(这是解决问题的最好方法吗?)
请翻译下面的句子:
1) 他没有勇气承认自己是无知的。(He has no courage to say that he is ignorant.)
2) 这将是一个交流思想的好机会。(This will be a good opportunity to exchange ideas.)
3) 他们在会上没有发言权。(They had no right to speak at the meeting.)
12. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and rules for themselves.