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[[语言学天地]] [其他]English lesson_3

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发表于 2004-9-25 10:53:50 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
English lesson_3




本来我是没有打算教TENSES ,可是我想到你的TENSES 可能读得不够完整
。如果不教,等你学完了我的所有英文课之后,英文还是那么差,源自于 TENSES 的基础不好。TENSES 是英文的轴心。

在这里我先给你 TENSES。PASSIVE 下一次再教。因为太多了,怕你记不来。

English lesson_3 只要明白就好了,不需要背的。需要背的地方或者哪一个 lesson ,我一定会特地交待。凡是没有讲要背的,就不需要背了。明白就好了。

_______________________________________________________________

这个是每一个TENSE 都有用到的,所以在进入TENSES 之前,我们先学这个。

(man 一个男人 , Ali 男性的名字) He

(woman 一个女人 , Susan 女性的名字) She

(dog 一只狗, tooth 一棵牙齿) It


# 总之,属于一个 (singular) 的都是在这个范围里

-----------------------------

I

You

(Ali and I, 任何人和我) We

(children 很多小孩, men 很多男人, women很多女人, people/persons 很多人, teeth 很多牙齿, the dogs很多只狗)(Ali and Peter 两个人) ---They


# 属于两个或以上的 (plural) 的都是在这个范围里


_______________________________________________________________

Simple Present Tense

(Ali, man) He
(Susan, woman) She     >>  (加 s ) plays, jumps, listens, goes
(the dog, tooth) It

-----------------------------

I
You
(Ali and I)We
(The dogs, Children, Peter and I) They  >>  (不要加 s ) play, jump,..


# 为什么要学 Present tense 上面的东西呢,因为你不知道 women 属于they, 你就不知道 women 属于they,你就不知道 women (很多女人)要加 s, 还是不要加 s 。

可是现在你知道 women属于they,所以“不要”加 s 。 man (一个男人)属于 He ,所以要加 s

-----------------------------

看到什么字用 Simple Present Tense

(1) Every (每一个)>>>>  every day(每一天), every week(每一个星期), every morning(每一个早晨) ,...

注:时间才有包括在这个范围里面。 every day(每一天), every week(每一个星期), every morning(每一个早晨) ,...

人没有。 Everyone, Everybody, Every person, Every woman,.. 看到的时候都不需要用 Simple Present Tense


(2) always, often, usually (时常)

(3) sometimes (有时候)

(4) seldom (很少)

(5) never (不曾)

(6) ever  

_______________________________________________________________


Present Continuous/ Progressive Tense (正在)

(Ali, man) He
(Susan, woman) She     >> (加 “is  ing” ) is playing, is going,..
(the dog, tooth) It


I  (加 “am  ing” ) am playing, am going,..


You
(Ali and I)We
(The dogs, Children, Peter and I) They  >>  (加 “are  ing” ) are playing, are going,..


-----------------------------

看到什么字用 Present Continuous/ Progressive Tense

(1) now 现在

_______________________________________________________________

Past Tense (过去)


He
She
It
I          >>  这些全部 加 ed ,played, jumped, went, ran
You
We
They

-----------------------------

看到什么字用 Past Tense

(1) last 上一个
>>> last week 上一个礼拜,last month 上一个月,last year 去年

(2) just now 刚才

(3) ago 前
ten years ago 十年前
five minutes ago 五分钟前

(4) this 这个(关于时间)
this morning
this afternoon

(5) yesterday 昨天



_______________________________________________________________

Simple Future Tense (将来)

He
She
It
I    >>  这些全部 加 “will /shall 和原本字” ,will play, shall go,..
You
We
They

-----------------------------

看到什么字用 Simple Future Tense

(1) tomorrow 明天

(2) future 将来

(3) next 下一个
next week 下一个星期
next month下一个月
next year 下一年,明年

_______________________________________________________________

Present Perfect Tense (已经,一直)

He
She  >> 加 “has 和 ed”;has played, has jumped, has gone
It


I
You
We     >> 加 “have 和 ed”;have played, have jumped, have gone
They

-----------------------------

“看到什么字用 Present Perfect Tense”

(1) yet

(2) already

(3) just 刚刚
I have just had my food. (我刚刚吃了)

(4) for 共
I have (had) the book for ten years.(我买了这本书十年了)
>>(不是bought买,如果你放bought买,就表示你连续十年不停在买这本书,不停的在说,“我要买这本书,请问多少钱?”)

(5) since自从

(6) never 不曾

(7) ever

_______________________________________________________________

TENSES 的结论:


“变通”

我教你们的看到 always 我们就要用 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE --- She always comes to my house. (她时常上我家)

可是我们要变通;只要有逻辑,句子就对。
She will always come to my house. (她将会时常来我家)
She is always bullying me. (她时常在欺负我)

看到吗,只要意思有逻辑,句子也算对。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

TENSES ,补充。


Past Perfect Tense (过去已经)


He
She
It
I          >>  这些全部 加 had 和 ed ;had played, had gone,..
You
We
They

_______________________________________________________________

Past Continuous Tense (过去正在)

He
She          >> (加 “was  ing” ) was playing, was going,..
It
I


You
We
They  >>  (加 “were  ing” ) were playing, were going,..

-----------------------------

它的用法

当一个人在做某一件事情的时候,另一个人突然进来、打破东西、跌倒、摔伤。。。

Example,
(While they were playing cards), somebody broke into the house.
(While I was writing a letter), my mother walked in.
He hurt his angle (while he was playing football).

(以上是显示用 while 的必须用 ing )

…………………………………………………………

(When we reached) his house last evening, he and his wife were watching TV.
(When I walked) into the room, they were having their dinner.
I was sleeping (when he knocked) on my door.

(以上是显示用 when 的必须用 ed )

…………………………………………………………

有时候句子也可以同时用,就是前后用 ing;或者前后用 ed (之前的是一个 ing,一个 ed。)

While Mrs Chan (was cooking), Mr Chan (was reading) the newspapers.

John (cooked) supper while I (watched) TV.


为什么可以这样呢?因为他们在进行的动作都是缓和的、柔和的。不是突然另一个人冲进来或什么的,突然性的动作。

_______________________________________________________________


Future Continuous/ Progressive (未来一直)


He
She
It
I          加 “will /shall be + ing”;will be drinking,
You
We
They


Example,
This time tomorrow I will be lying on the beach.
(明天这个时候,我将会一直躺在沙滩上。)

Good luck with the exam. We will be thinking of you.
(祝你考试顺利。我们会一直思念着你。)

_______________________________________________________________


Present Perfect Continuous/ Progressive (已经在做,一直在做)

He
She          has been ing
It


I
You          have been  ing
We
They


Example,
I have been keeping the bread in the top cupboard --- is that okay?
(我一直把面包收在橱的上面---这样恰当吗?)

I have been having violin lessons every two weeks.
(我一直每两个星期学一次小提琴。)

_______________________________________________________________


Past Perfect Continuous/ Progressive (过去已经在做)


He
She
It
I          had been  ing
You
We
They


~END~

TENSES 正式完毕。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________


网上读书天地论坛


English lesson 1
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37309&fpage=1

English lesson 2
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37310&fpage=1

English lesson 3
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37311&fpage=1

English lesson 4
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37312&fpage=1

English lesson 5
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37313&fpage=1

English lesson 6
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37314&fpage=1

English lesson 7
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37315&fpage=1

English lesson 8
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37319&fpage=1

English lesson 9
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37320&fpage=1

English lesson 10
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37321&fpage=1

English lesson 11
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37322&fpage=1

English lesson 12
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37323&fpage=1

English lesson 13
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37325&fpage=1
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