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[[学习策略]] 美国公使孔庙演讲(上)

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发表于 2005-10-11 12:33:52 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
美国公使孔庙演讲(上)


  英文单词commencement在美国不仅做“开端”讲,还可指授予毕业生学位的毕
业典礼。这类毕业典礼的仪式一如既往的特征就是有一位典礼发言人———一位当
地或全国的知名人士做一番演讲以纪念这一天。众所周知,这类演讲有时是以一番
无关痛痒、陈腐而平淡的空话来走形式,但演讲者偶尔也会讲到有重大意义的主题。
比如,美国总统就经常接受邀请去做典礼发言人,以阐述某些全国性或全球性的问
题。

  这类演讲的一个优秀范例便是9月19日由美国驻华公使麦克海先生在孔庙所做的
演讲,他在演讲中表述了工商管理教育与社会变化的关系。

  演讲时机是在拉特格斯大学(新泽西州州立大学)与大连理工大学合办的工商
管理硕士班首届毕业典礼上。该课程使商界经理们在不脱产的情况下学习13个月获
得美国的MBA文凭。该届毕业生由中国大陆学生、非大陆的华人、华裔及美国学生组
成,各占1/3。授课教师都是来自拉特格斯大学或其他美国大学的教授,均采用英
语教学。(下面是麦克海先生的演讲稿,本报略有删节)

  正如每个典礼发言人所说,每个毕业典礼都是一个开端:而今天的典礼则标志
着很多个开端,这是拉特格斯大学在北京的第一个研究生班;对于就要拿到新学位
的企业经理们,今天既标志着新的开端,也是其事业中令人兴奋的转折点,硕士学
历将使他们超越以往取得的业绩而获得新的成就……同时,也该使他们的薪水袋更
鼓一些。

  然而,鄙人我是第一次应邀来做毕业典礼演讲。对此我是深感荣幸,深受感动。
但我希望不要由此标志着我进入了老古董的行列,因为毕业典礼上的演讲者常常是
听起来就像其传记已成为讣告的古人在讲话。

  我感到荣幸有多重方面。虽然我不是拉特格斯大学的校友,但我以特殊的兴趣
关注着这一工商管理硕士班的进展,因为这是我家乡的大学所做的最好的事情之一。
对于我这个在新泽西州出生并在那里居住的人来说,这一项目从一开始就运作得很
成功,我觉得这是件极为自豪的事情。同时,作为一名拉特格斯大学4年级大学生的
父亲,我与今天的MBA硕士们在某一方面也是有共性的,那就是今天下午我们来到这
里,都是向校方交了学费的。

  拉特格斯大学是美国最古老最优秀的大学之一,创建于1766年,当时名为女王
学院,是普林斯顿大学的姊妹学校。然而拉特格斯大学在中国的历史却不可能追溯
到乾隆时代,在中华人民共和国,拉特格斯大学以富有新意著称,从教育学的角度
来说,具有革命性,这始于80年代与大连管理学院合作,并以在北京开设工商管理
硕士班而达到高潮。

  今天,我们在孔庙这个令人景仰的地方———还有古代图书馆与学习大厅,来
庆祝这一具有创新性的拉特格斯大学的项目是多么合适啊。你不可能选出更具象征
意义的地方能将中国古代教育与一个工商管理硕士所代表的现代管理艺术联系起来。


  毫无疑问,某些儒家思想已经使新的工商管理硕士们受到了熏陶:看到他们聚
集在一起,你就会知道,他们至少牢记了孔夫子的一句名言:居处恭,执事敬,与
人忠,虽之夷狄,不可弃也。正如我们的新硕士们已经学到的,这些准则将发挥作
用,对中国的经理们和“老外”都有用。

  在今天的中国引用“孔老二”的话常会引人发笑。但这位圣贤并非与当今毫不
相干———事实上恰恰相反。由于孔子是个典型的中国哲学家,是社会中各种关系
的阐释者与描绘者,在很多方面是中国传统社会的建筑师,也是一位老师,他教导
人们建立并维持一个健康的社会是每个人的责任,也是每个男人最崇高的事业。

  如果孔夫子活到今天,他必须多看几次才能了解今日的中国,因为中国近一百
年中的变化比2500年的变化更迅速也更难以预料,而孔夫子与我们相隔了2500年。
很多人会争论说,今日中国社会失去了很多传统的根基,最深层的价值观受到了质
疑———有时受到了冲击,人们常常觉得自己是道德上的流浪者,有点不知方向,
找不着北了。

  (待续)

  In America the term commencement means not only “beginning”
but also the ceremony at which graduates of an academic 
program are awarded their diplomas.  These ceremonies 
invariably feature a commencement speaker, a local or national 
worthy who gives an oration to mark the day. Commencement 
speeches can, notoriously, be exercises in harmless hot air, 
platitudinous and vapid, but speakers occasionally take up 
subjects of great significance.  US presidents, for example, 
often accept invitations to serve as commencement speakers in 
order to discuss national issues or international affairs.?

   A good example of the genre is the speech delivered on 
19 September in the Kongmiao by US Deputy Chief of Mission 
William C. McCahill Jr.   In it he reflects on the relation 
between professional business education and social change.?   


   The occasion was the graduation of the first students in 
the Beijing “executive MBA” program run jointly by Rutgers 
University (the state university of New Jersey) and Dalian 
Technical University.  The program gives business execs the 
chance to earn a US-style MBA in 13 months of study while 
continuing to work for their firms.  The student body is a 
mix of mainlanders, people from other parts of China or the 
Chinese diaspora, and Americans in about equal numbers.  All 
teachers are American professors from Rutgers or other US 
universities, and English is the language of instruction.?

  A commencement, as every commencement speaker says, is a 
beginning; and today's event marks many beginnings.  This is 
the first Rutgers Executive MBA graduating class in Beijing.  
For the executives about to take their new degrees, today 
marks a new beginning and an exciting turn in their careers. 
 The master's credential will equip them for new 
accomplishments, beyond the many they have already attained……
and should put a few extra bucks in their pay packets.

   For your humble speaker, though, this is the first time 
I have been asked to make a commencement speech, and I am 
deeply honored and touched to have been invited.  I hope, 
however, that it does not signal my passage into old fogeydom,
 as often commencement speakers sound like ancient folk whose 
biographies have become their obituaries.?

  On many counts I feel honored.  Although I am not a 
Rutgers alumnus, I have followed the evolution of this 
executive MBA program with special interest, because it is one 
of the finest things my state university has done.  For a 
New Jersey native and resident, it is a matter of great 
pride that this program is running with evident success, from 
its very outset.  And as the father of a Rutgers College 
senior, I share something very special with today's new MBAs: 
 we have all paid to be here this afternoon.?

  Rutgers is one of America's oldest and finest universities, 
founded as Queen's College in 1766 as a sister school to 
Princeton.  Rutger's history in China does not date back to 
Qianlong's time, however.  In the People's Republic, Rutgers 
has been known for novelty and, in the pedagogical sense, 
revolution, beginning with the Dalian management school in the 
1980s and culminating in the Beijing MBA program.?

  How appropriate that we celebrate this innovative Rutgers 
degree program today in the venerable precincts of the 
Confucian temple, with its ancient libraries and halls of 
learning.  One could not have chosen a more richly symbolic 
venue for linking the traditions of Chinese classical education 
with the modern arts of management that an executive MBA 
represents.?

  No doubt some Confucian learning has already rubbed off on 
the new MBAs.  Seeing them assembled, one knows they have 
taken to heart at least one Confucian analect:  [hanzi]  “
At home be serious, in business be earnest, in relations with 
others conscientious. ?

  Although you may live among barbarians, these principles 
cannot be rejected.”  And these principles will work, as our 
executive MBAs have learned, just as well for Chinese 
executives as for “laowai”.

   Quoting “Kong Lao er” often draws a laugh in today's 
China.  But the sage is not wholly irrelevant - quite the 
contrary in fact.  For Confucius was the quintessential 
Chinese philosopher, the definer and describer of relationships 
within society, in many ways the architect of traditional 
Chinese society and the teacher who taught that building and 
maintaining a healthy society were everyone's responsibility and 
every man's most noble enterprise.?

  Confucius would have to look more than once to recognize 
Chinese society today, for it has changed faster and more 
unpredictably in the last hundred years than in the 
twenty-five hundred that separate us from Confucius.  Many 
would argue that today's China holds a society cut off from 
many of its traditional roots, a society whose deepest values 
have come under question - sometimes under attack - and whose 
members often find themselves moral nomads, a bit lost, 
without their bearings.?(to be continued)
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