对同性恋者的歧视加重非洲艾滋病危机
Shocking testimony on how medical staff humiliated an HIV positive gay patient: \"He died in part, I think, because he had no place to go.\"令人震惊的陈述——医护工作者羞辱HIV呈阳性的同性恋患者：“他死了，我想，他的死部分是由于走投无路。”
The International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission (IGLHRC) today published a new study, Off the Map, which for the first time reveals how African governments and the global HIV/AIDS policy and funding community are denying basic human rights to same-sex practicing people in Africa. The report documents some shocking examples of how lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people are denied access to effective HIV prevention, counseling and testing, treatment, and care.
国际同性恋者人权委员会今天发布了一项新的调查——《从地图上抹掉的人群》，首次披露了非洲各国政府以及全球艾滋病政策制定和资助团体是如何剥夺非洲同性恋群体的基本人权的。该报告记录了一些令人震惊的事实，包括男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者怎样被剥夺了获取有效的艾滋病预防、咨询、检测、治疗和护理的权利。
Off the Map is the result of a year-long research project conducted through interviews with leaders of African lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) organizations, international aid officials, HIV/AIDS project managers, and health care providers. The study also takes advantage of existing scholarly works in this area, and policy documents produced by international agencies and government bureaus. The report highlights the fact that, \"Africa, a continent with slightly more than ten percent of the world's population, is home to 60 percent, or more than 25 million people, of those living with HIV…（the disease）is having a decidedly harsh effect on same-sex practicing people. But nearly a quarter of a century into the epidemic, there is a wall of silence that surrounds AIDS and same-sex practices that may prove to be a significant obstacle to conquering the disease.\"
《从地图上抹掉的人群》是通过对非洲同性恋、双性恋和变性者组织，国际援助官员，艾滋病项目经理和医疗保健提供方的采访，经过一年的调查得出的结果。这项调查还援引了该领域现有的学术著作、国际组织和政府机构发布的政策文件。报告强调了如下事实：“非洲，这个只占世界人口1/10多一点的大陆，却有250万艾滋病毒感染者或携带者，占全球总数的百分之六十……（艾滋病）对同性恋人群明显有着极其严重影响。然而，从艾滋病开始传播至今已有近二十五年了，在同性恋和艾滋病问题上始终横亘着禁忌的墙垣，这对于战胜这种疾病而言极有可能是重大的障碍。
Multiple testimonies in the report demonstrate how homophobia limits the access of African gays to HIV/AIDS programs. K.S., a 23-year-old gay man in Mombasa, Kenya reported that he was chased out of a public health clinic when he asked to be examined for an anal STI（Sexually Transmitted Infection）. When they face mistreatment while attempting to obtain health care, people become less likely to seek treatment for STIs, which increases risk for HIV transmission. LGBT activists in Ghana reported that the disrespect same-sex practicing men face at health center leads them \"to self-medicate for STIs, using home remedies that may be inappropriate or ineffective. Others consume left-over drugs from friends who have had similar illnesses. In the end, most get even sicker and they pass their STIs on to others.\"
报告中有多处证据表明，对艾滋病的憎恶限制了非洲同性恋者从艾滋病项目中受益。据肯尼亚蒙巴萨一名23岁的同性恋者K.S.说，当他在公共卫生诊所要求检查其肛门处的性传播感染病时，被轰了出去。当同性恋人群在寻求医疗保健时遭遇了不公平的对待，就会转而寻求“性病的自我医疗，使用一些不当或者无效的家庭疗方。还有人从有过类似疾病的朋友那里拿来用剩下的药品，自己服用。到头来，很多人的病况加重，又把自己的性病传染给别人。”
Romeo Tshuma, a Zimbabwean human rights activist, remembers accompanying a gay friend to a health care center in Harare to seek treatment for HIV and an STI, where, according to Romeo, \"the nurses were not helpful...No, it was worse than that. They embarrassed him, after that he wouldn’t go to a hospital because of the embarrassment…He died in part, I think, because he had no place to go.\"
津巴布韦的一位人权激进人士罗密欧•舒马（Romeo Tshuma）回忆说，他曾经陪一位同性恋朋友到哈拉雷的健康保健中心，寻求艾滋病和某种性传播感染病的治疗。据罗密欧说，那儿的“护士根本就不帮忙……不，情况还要更糟。她们还羞辱取笑他……遭遇那次羞辱之后，他再也不去医院了。他死了，我想，他的死部分是由于走投无路。”
Cary Alan Johnson, IGLHRC's Senior Specialist for Africa and the author of the reports believes that the widespread denial of homosexuality in Africa contributes to human rights violations against African LGBT and increases the HIV vulnerabilities of gay people, \"Homophobic stigma, the denial of homosexuality, and legislation that criminalizes same-sex behavior, all serve to push the issue of same-sex HIV transmission further underground, and drastically limit HIV services.\"
该报告的作者加利•艾伦•约翰逊是国际同性恋者人权委员会非洲地区资深专家。他认为，非洲对同性恋的广泛抵制造成了对非洲同性恋、双性恋及变性者的人权侵犯，加剧了艾滋病在同性恋人群中的危害度。“同性恋恐惧症、对于同性恋行为的否认、法律对同性性行为的非法化，这些都使同性之间艾滋病传播的问题转入地下，从而极大的限制了艾滋病相关服务。”
IGLHRC's new publication calls for specific actions by the U.S. government and other major international donors, international AIDS service organizations, private volunteer groups, and national and local African authorities to improve the access of LGBT in Africa to HIV prevention, treatment, and care services.
国际同性恋者人权委员会的新报告呼吁美国政府和其他主要国际捐助者、国际艾滋病服务机构、私人志愿团体、非洲各国国家和地方政府采取具体行动，使非洲的同性恋、双性恋和变性人群获得艾滋病防治和护理服务的途径进一步提高。
IGLHRC plans to use the findings of this report to push for a more comprehensive and equitable solution for the HIV crisis in Africa. \"Off the Map offers specific solutions to address the roots of failure of HIV policies in Africa,\" said Paula Ettelbrick, Executive Director of IGLHRC. “In the next few months, we will work with our domestic and international partners to educate policy makers on the devastating impact of their HIV programs on the LGBT population in Africa. We hope that they will take steps to correct the injustice against African LGBT people affected by HIV.”
国际同性恋者人权委员会计划利用该报告的结论为非洲艾滋病危机寻求更为全面平等的解决方案。“《从地图上抹掉的人群》一书为非洲艾滋病政策失败的根源问题提供了具体的解决方法。”国际同性恋者人权委员会执行主任波拉•艾特尔布里克这样说。“未来几个月内，我们将与国内及国际合作伙伴一起进行宣传教育，让决策者了解他们的艾滋病项目对于非洲同性恋、双性恋和变性人群的毁灭性打击。我们希望他们采取措施，解决非洲同性恋、双性恋和变性人群所遭遇的权利侵害。”
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