神经元研究新进展：可修复受损大脑并恢复脑功能

ewenwen2007

Damaged Brain Can Be Repaired And Cerebral Functions Restored, Neuronal Study Suggests
神经元研究表明损伤的大脑可以被修复且脑功能可以恢复
ScienceDaily (Apr. 7, 2008) — Scientists in the Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs (CNRS/Université Pierre et Marie Curie) have shown that it is possible to repair an injured brain by creating a small number of new, specifically-targeted innervations, rather than a larger number of non-specific connections. Behavioral tests have demonstrated that such reinnervation can thus restore damaged cerebral functions.
CNRS/Université Pierre et Marie Curie神经生物学实验室的科学家们表明通过创建一小部分新的特异性的神经支配而非大部分非特异性的联系来修复受损的大脑是可能的.行为检测已经证实了这样的神经移植术可以恢复受损的脑功能.
Brain injury in adults can cause irreparable, long-term physical and cognitive damage. However, motor and spatial functions can be recovered if undamaged neurons are stimulated to create new innervation. This type of innervation develops spontaneously after a brain injury in very young children.
成人脑受损可以引起不可修复的长期的生理和认知损害.然而,如果刺激未受损的神经元建立新的神经分布那么运动功能和三维立体空间功能便可恢复.这种神经支配在幼儿脑损害后可以自然地建立起来.

Researchers had previously shown – based on injury to the neuronal pathway linking the stem to the cerebellum(1) – it was possible to induce reinnervation in young adults similar to that observed in newborn infants. This repair was rendered possible by treating the damaged cerebellum with a peptide(2) called Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) which plays a role in the development and satisfactory functioning of this neuronal pathway.
研究人员表明----基于连接小脑的神经通路损伤(1)----在年轻人中诱导新生儿中观察到的神经移植术是可能的.用一种叫做脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的肽(2)(在这种神经通路的发展和满意功能中发挥作用)来治疗受损的小脑被认为是可能的.

In the present case, the researchers have extended the use of this model and showed that the terminals of new axons interact with the network of undamaged neuronal cells to restore their associated functions, such as synchronized movement and spatial orientation. These results demonstrate a correlation between an improvement in behavior and the degree of reinnervation in the cerebellum. Thus a small amount of correctly-targeted reinnervation makes it possible to recover fine functions such as motor and cognitive skills.
在目前的病例中研究人员用这种模型表明了与未损伤的神经细胞相互作用的轴突末端可以恢复其相关功能,如同步运动和三维立体空间定位.这些结果证实了行为能力上的提高和小脑的神经移植术程度之间的关联.这样一小部分正确靶向的神经移植术便使得恢复诸如运动和认知能力的功能成为可能.
These results open promising new perspectives and make it possible to envisage using BDNF – already employed during clinical trials on the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease – to repair the human brain after a cerebral lesion.
这些结果开创了新的希望,使利用BDNF----已经用于临床实验来治疗帕金森等神经退行性疾病----来修复脑损害后的大脑成为可能.

Notes:
备注

1) This neuronal pathway is referred to as the cerebellum to Purkinje cell climbing fiber pathway and it is implicated in the coordination of movements.
1)这种神经通路是关于小脑到蒲肯野细胞爬行纤维通路,提示与运动是一致的.

2) A protein that is normally present in the brain and is involved in its development and functioning.
2)这是一种脑中正常表达的蛋白质,其与脑的发育和功能有关.



给帕金森患者带来一丝曙光