被动吸烟对囊性纤维化患者的危害评估

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Second-hand smoke harm assessed in cystic fibrosis

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Second-hand smoke worsens lung function in people with cystic fibrosis, especially those with a specific gene, researchers said on Tuesday.

Researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore showed how genetic and environmental factors can interact to harm lung function in cystic fibrosis patients, said Dr. Garry Cutting who worked on the study.

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited chronic disease that affects the lungs and digestive system of about 30,000 children and adults in the United States, according to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.

It causes thick, sticky mucus to build up, leading to life-threatening lung infections and major digestion problems.

The researchers studied 812 people with the disease whose average age was 19 of whom 188 were exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke at home.

Lung function in those exposed to second-hand smoke was reduced by about 10 percent compared to those not exposed, the researchers found. Lung function was determined by how much air a person could breathe out in the first second of expiration.

The researchers then looked at lung function in those who also had a specific version of a gene called TGFbeta1 that affects the severity of this disease and asthma.

Having this gene variant doubled the negative effects of second-hand smoke on lung function, the researchers wrote in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

The research did not look at lung function in people with cystic fibrosis who are active smokers, Cutting said in a telephone interview.

\"There really haven't been that many patients with cystic fibrosis who have had active smoking. But there have been a number of anecdotal reports that show that it's absolutely disastrous for them to actively smoke,\" Cutting said.

http://www.reuters.com/article/healthNews/idUSN2961792920080129

华盛顿（路透社电）——本周二，研究人员报道,被动吸烟恶化囊性纤维化患者的肺功能，尤其是那些具有特定基因的人群。
研究人员伽瑞.卡丁博士说，位于美国巴尔的摩的约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的研究人员表明，遗传和环境因素相互作用，损害囊性纤维化患者的肺功能。
据囊性纤维化基金会统计，囊肿性纤维化是一种侵袭美国大约3000名儿童和成人呼吸及消化系统的遗传性慢性疾病。
它引起稠厚的粘液生成，导致危及生命的肺部感染和严重的消化问题。
研究人员调查了812名平均年龄为19岁的囊性纤维化患者，其中188名为暴露在家中的被动吸烟者。
研究人员发现，被动吸烟患者的肺功能，与那些没有暴露在二手烟雾下的患者相比，下降了大约10 ％。肺功能的定义为人体在呼吸第一秒末呼出气体的总量。
接着，研究人员关注，那些具有影响囊性纤维化和支气管哮喘的特异性基因TGFbeta1患者的肺功能。
研究者在美国医学协会杂志发表，具有此种基因的被动吸烟患者，肺功能可能恶化二倍。
卡丁在电话采访时说，这项研究并没有观察主动吸烟囊性纤维化患者的肺功能。
卡丁说，实际上没有得到很多主动吸烟囊性纤维化患者的资料。但有一些零星的报告表明，积极的吸烟对于囊性纤维化患者绝对是灾难性的。