产后抑郁症

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产后抑郁症: 新妈妈应该了解的5件事
有关产后抑郁症，新妈妈应该知道的5件事情

我最进经常被问到有关产后抑郁症的注意事项，我想了很多关于2001年我在审查产后强迫症时的一些事情。这些事情我希望我已经知道或者相信在我的经验中它的严重性已经减小。然而，下面的这些目录并不能掩盖所有的事情。我想，它是一个好的开始，我希望它能够帮助很多女性度过他们成为新妈妈的日子。
1.产后抑郁症能够而且经常发生
许多有关孕妇和分娩教育的书都忽略了产后心理失调，他们只用很少的篇幅来描述这种综合征，而且强调了发病率是很少的，实际上，10－15％的新妈妈可能面临这种疾病，有的研究认为它的发病率可能高达25％。我的分娩教导告诉我们班的学员我们实际上并不需要花费很多的时间来担心这个问题，因此我也没有担心，结果在产后抑郁症来袭的时候我完全没有准备。
2.产后抑郁症仅是一系列产后疾病中的一种疾病，
产后心理失调包括产后抑郁症，产后强迫症，产后精神病以及产后创伤性精神障碍等。产后强迫症是外来侵入性思维为特点的，这是一些烦扰的不自主的想法。当我第一次有侵入性思维时想用我的衣服闷死我的儿子，这是我从来没有过的想法。没有任何人告诉我这种事情可能发生，我以为我已经永久性的疯了，而没有任何人告诉我，这是因为得了产后强迫症。如果我以前能了解很多真方面的知识，知道错在哪里而且很容易治愈，我可能会稍感宽慰些。相反我在以后的数周内保持沉默，因为我害怕我被永远的索起来而失去我的家庭。（如果想了解每一个疾病和和它的症状的人可以访问产后支援国际组织的网站：http://www.postpartum.net/brief.html）

3.这些症状可以出现在产后第一年的任何时间
许多产妇认为如果在产后3－4个月时或者更晚的时候开始出现的糟糕情绪，跟产后抑郁症没有关系。显而易见，即使是DSM-IV，精神病诊断手册在诊断精神性疾病时，如果这些症状发生在产后四周内，才诊断为产后疾病，这是不正确的，产后精神失调症可以发生在产后一年内的任何时间，尽管多数患者疾病是在产后2 －4个月诊断的

4.告诉你的朋友和家人有所准备

告诉周围的人，你可能遭遇某种类型的产后精神失调性疾病，是非常重要的。告诉他们自学这方面知识。有时候我们并不能发现我们的行为有异常，或者我们努力让自己相信，我们是正常的，试图忽略自己的一些症状。因此，告诉我们周围的人我们可能需要帮助。我的丈夫和母亲都不了解如何去观察或者怎样去做，这显得我们都比较苛刻。

5.越早诊断治疗效果越好
很多最近的研究显示，未经过治疗的产后精神失调的母亲在很长一段时间里，收到负面的影响而出现行为问题。最近在2006年出版的美国医学协会杂志的一项研究在(http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/295/12/1389)表明，在因为严重抑郁和焦虑接收医生治疗的孩子的母亲，与未接受治疗的母亲比较，很少认为自己是焦虑、精神分裂或者抑郁。你必须克服恐惧，大声的说出来，以减少对自身疾病和孩子的影响。你必须愿意说出你感觉如何并且寻求治疗，使你和你的家庭能够治愈。

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翻译来自丁香园
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5 Things Every New Mother Should Know About PPD

Iwas recently asked to put together a list of things women should knowabout postpartum depression. I thought a lot about what I went throughin 2001 with postpartum OCD, and the things I wish I had known that Ibelieve would have lessened the severity of my experience. While thelist below certainly doesn't cover everything, I think it's a goodstart and I hope it will help many women in their journey as newmothers.

PPD can and often does happen.

Many pregnancybooks and childbirth educators gloss over postpartum mood disorders.They minimally describe the symptoms and emphasize how rare it is.Actually, 10-15% of new moms experience these illnesses, and somestudies report it may be as high as 25%. My childbirth educator toldour class that we really needn't spend too much time worrying about it,so I didn't, and thus I was completely unprepared for what hit me.

Postpartum depression is only one in a spectrum of postpartum illnesses.

Postpartummood disorders include postpartum depression (PPD), postpartumobsessive compulsive disorder (PPOCD), postpartum psychosis (PPP) andpostpartum post-traumatic stress disorder. PPOCD is often characterizedby intrusive thoughts, which are disturbing unwanted thoughts. When Iexperienced my first intrusive thoughts -- about smothering my infantson with the burpcloth -- I had never heard of such things. No one evertold me they were possible. I was convinced I had just gone permanentlycrazy, and it never occurred to me that I had PPOCD. If I had beenbetter informed, I would have felt comfort in knowing what was wrongand that immediate treatment was available. Instead I kept quiet forweeks because I was afraid I'd be locked up forever and lose my family.(For more information on each illness and its symptoms, visit thePostpartum Support International website at http://www.postpartum.net/brief.html )

Symptoms can appear anytime during the first year after birth.

Manywomen think that if they start feeling bad when their child is 3 or 4months old, or even older, that it can't be related to postpartumdepression. Apparently, even the DSM-IV, the manual that psychiatricprofessionals use to diagnose psychiatric illnesses, states that yourillness can only be diagnosed as postpartum if the symptoms show upwithin the first four weeks after birth. This isn't necessarily true.Postpartum mood disorders can occur any time within the first yearafter the birth of your baby, though it is true that most are diagnosedwithin 2 to 4 months postpartum.

Ask your friends and family to be prepared.

It'simportant to talk about the possibility that you might experience someform of postpartum mood disorder with the people closest to you. Askthem to educate themselves. Sometimes we can't see that we're actingdifferently, or we try to convince ourselves we're fine andpurposefully ignore our symptoms. In that case, it often takes someoneclose to us to point out that we might need help. Neither my husbandnor my mother knew about what to look for or what to do about it, whichmade it harder on all of us.

The sooner you get treatment the better.

Manyrecent studies show that children of mothers with postpartum mooddisorders who go untreated for long periods can be negatively impactedover the long term with behavioral problems. A study published in 2006in the Journal of the American Medical Association(http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/295/12/1389), for instance,found that children of mothers who have received treatment viamedication for major depression or anxiety are less likely to bediagnosed with anxiety, disruptive and depressive disorders themselves,compared to children of women who remain untreated. You MUST push pastthe fear and speak up to lessen the impact of these illnesses onyourself and your children. You must be willing to say how you arefeeling and seek treatment so that not only you, but your whole familycan heal.

http://postpartumprogress.typepa ... -things-every-.html