Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Immunostaining Protocol

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Description: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a highly specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells. Five VEGF isoforms are generated as a result of alternative splicing from a single VEGF gene. These isoforms differ in their molecular mass and in biological properties such as their ability to bind to cell-surface heparan-sulfate proteoglycans. The expression of VEGF is potentiated in response to hypoxia, by activated oncogenes, and by a variety of cytokines. VEGF induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, and inhibits apoptosis. In vivo VEGF induces angiogenesis as well as permeabilization of blood vessels, and plays a central role in the regulation of vasculogenesis. Deregulated VEGF expression contributes to the development of solid tumors by promoting tumor angiogenesis and to the etiology of several additional diseases that are characterized by abnormal angiogenesis. Consequently, inhibition of VEGF signaling abrogates the development of a wide variety of tumors. The various VEGF forms bind to two tyrosine-kinase receptors, VEGFR-1 (flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR/flk-1), which are expressed almost exclusively in endothelial cells. Endothelial cells express in addition the neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 coreceptors, which bind selectively to the 165 amino acid form of VEGF (VEGF165).

Primary Antibody:
Name  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
Clone  VG1 (Mouse Anti-Human)
Manufacturer  Chemicon
Product Number  MAB3734
Working Dilution  1:50
Incubation Time  60 min at 25 °C

Species Reactivity: Human.

Applications:
1. Paraffin Sections: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. Antigen retrieval with Citrate Buffer is recommended. Tris-EDTA Antigen Retrieval Method is less effective.

Positive Controls: Human tonsil, kidney, skin.

Visualization: Standard ABC Method or LSAB Method

Staining Pattern: Nuclear membrane, cytoplasmic, cytoplasmic membrane.