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[【学科前沿】] 术后镇痛: NSAIDs 联合扑热息痛疗效尚不明确

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herrmayor 该用户已被删除
发表于 2007-9-18 11:40:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Combined analgesics for postoperative pain therapy : Review of effectivity and side-effects.
联合镇痛药在术后疼痛治疗中的应用:疗效和副作用的综述。
BACKGROUND: The supplementation of an opioid by a non-opioid analgesic is a widely accepted technique for the treatment of postoperative pain. However, it is still unclear whether a combination of different non-opioids has an advantage in terms of an improved analgesia and/or a reduction of the opioid-related adverse effects.
背景:一种阿片类镇痛药追加一种非阿片类镇痛药是一种公认的术后疼痛的治疗方法。然而,对于这种将不同非阿片类镇痛药联合应用,是否有助于改善镇痛疗效和/或减少阿片类药物相关的副作用尚不清楚。
METHODOLOGY: A systematic analysis of the literature was performed searching for randomized, controlled trials studying the effects of a combination of two non-opioid analgesics in order to reduce postoperative opioid requirements and/or postoperative pain. Significant reduction of the postoperative opioid requirement and/or postoperative pain were defined as main rating criteria. To facilitate comparisons between the trials, the relative (proportional) reduction of postoperative opioid administration and the relative reduction of postoperative pain were calculated on defined pain scales.
方法:系统分析了检索出的相关文献,这些文献都是关于将两种非阿片类镇痛药联合应用以减少术后阿片类药物需要量和/或减少术后疼痛的疗效的随机对照性研究。将术后阿片类镇痛药的需要量显著降低和/或术后疼痛的显著减轻定为主要的分级标准。为了便于在各试验间进行比较,通过确定的疼痛尺度来计算相对的(成比例的)术后阿片类药物需要的减少量以及术后疼痛的相对减少量。

RESULTS: A total of 25 trials were identified, mainly studies comparing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with paracetamol. Only 3 trials found a statistically improved analgesic efficacy and 15 studies did not show any relevant improvement or the combination group was only significantly superior to one of the groups receiving monotherapy. A further seven studies could not be evaluated due to methodological issues. There was no evidence for a significant reduction of opioid-induced adverse effects.
结果:总共有25项试验纳入了我们的研究,这些试验主要是对非甾体抗炎病(NSAIDs)和对乙酰氨基酚进行比较。仅有3例试验中观察到的镇痛疗效改善具有统计学意义,15项研究没有显示出任何相关的疗效改善或者联合用药组的镇痛疗效仅明显优于单一用药组。另外的7项研究由于研究方法方面的原因,未能用来进行评估。
CONCLUSION: A combination of non-opioid analgesics, in particular NSAIDs with paracetamol, cannot be recommended at present due to the lack of data showing improved effectiveness.
结论:非阿片类镇痛药的联合应用,尤其是非甾体抗炎病(NSAIDs)和对乙酰氨基酚的联用,由于缺乏显示其改善疗效的资料,目前该治疗方法尚不推荐。

编译:
【据《Anaesthesist》杂志2007年9月2日报道】联合镇痛药在术后疼痛治疗中的应用:疗效和副作用的综述。(作者 Lange 等)
非阿片类镇痛药的联合应用,尤其是非甾体抗炎病(NSAIDs)和对乙酰氨基酚的联用,由于缺乏显示其改善疗效的资料,目前该治疗方法尚不推荐。
一种阿片类镇痛药追加一种非阿片类镇痛药是一种公认的术后疼痛的治疗方法。然而,对于这种将不同非阿片类镇痛药联合应用,是否有助于改善镇痛疗效和/或减少阿片类药物相关的副作用尚不清楚。研究人员系统分析了检索出的相关文献,这些文献都是关于将两种非阿片类镇痛药联合应用以减少术后阿片类药物需要量和/或减少术后疼痛的疗效的随机对照性研究。将术后阿片类镇痛药的需要量显著降低和/或术后疼痛的显著减轻定为主要的分级标准。为了便于在各试验间进行比较,通过确定的疼痛尺度来计算相对的(成比例的)术后阿片类药物需要的减少量以及术后疼痛的相对减少量。结果显示,总共有25项试验纳入了我们的研究,这些试验主要是对非甾体抗炎病(NSAIDs)和对乙酰氨基酚进行比较。仅有3例试验中观察到的镇痛疗效改善具有统计学意义,15项研究没有显示出任何相关的疗效改善或者联合用药组的镇痛疗效仅明显优于单一用药组。另外的7项研究由于研究方法方面的原因,未能用来进行评估。
最终,研究者通过文献综述得出结论:非阿片类镇痛药的联合应用,尤其是非甾体抗炎病(NSAIDs)和对乙酰氨基酚的联用,由于缺乏显示其改善疗效的资料,目前该治疗方法尚不推荐。
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