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发表于 2007-8-11 17:12:29
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帮老钱用机器将文章翻译成英文，以便到海外传播。
Sui-Tang dynasty period Bai Ma Temple vicissitude quiz
Bai Ma Temple has been the first temples that bright the Eastern Han Dynasty emperor period builds , has been establish Buddhism basis developing in China region , is indicating Buddhism beginning spreading formally in Chinese. Bai Ma Temple experience more than 10 is continuous for in the early morning, Y2K. Whose history falls apart refer to history books written in biographical style , Buddhist scripture , collected works , note , stele , inscription on tomb tablet but no systematic. Originally small culture makes one brief textual criticism only to Sui-Tang dynasty period Bai Ma Temple.
The Sui-Tang dynasty replaces a heyday liang , Chinese Buddhism enters. Luoyang be east all where, the Wu Ze Tian period looks upon as god more economy , culture all, are all the rage at the moment , Buddhism believes that Buddha climax , Bai Ma Temple have been the imperial family temple , superb of burning incense , the Eastern Han Dynasty , Northern Wei Dynasty had had comparatively but have all reached second time coming succeeding the Eastern Han Dynasty , the Northern Wei Dynasty queen , going to meet.
Wu Ze Tian period , Buddhism and politics rapid and intense be tied in wedlock, capital Luoyang religion upsurge rising to an unprecedented height , Zen takes form also on now. "Old Tang Dynasty History ·Xue Huai Yi biography " is recorded: Wu Zhou hangs down arch first year of the reign of an emperor (685), the day mends old Bai Ma Temple "then in west of the old Luoyang city , bosom righteousness is accomplished from protecting work , the temple , the pour-soi temple betokens ". ("183 hosts the old Tang rolled book") down in him , call up civilian labor craftsman division , build largely, construct the hall pavilion platform cabinet broadly, China the first ancient temples become big unparalleled luxurious grand sight temples. Not far ten thousands li of the Western Regions many eminent monk arrives in Luoyang , compete to look at and appraise Zhan gift when the temple cabinet establishes that, that. Tang Dynasty Bai Ma Temple scale is grand, Buddhism face Luoyang River in the south , be far away from the monk house, cause having "running "doctrine of Ma Guan county Buddhism. The temple is encircled by vicinity river water , the stone workshop is lofty temple front , the temple adytum cabinet is splendid, the hall cycle ambulatory ring protects; Prejudiced yard many places , time of seedling flowers and trees , monk count thousand.
At the present time, Bai Ma Temple still reserves historical remains , things left behind by the deceased having the building Tang Dynasty now. That foundation stretches over 77 meters from east to west on the grounds of the reconnaissance engaging in archaeological studies , platform of temple back of clear and cool ramming the earth, stretches over 55 meters from north to south , is 3 times of extant dais flat surface area. West side building dais in now brick , base of appress brick platform, preserve gigantic 4 square Shi Chu, length of a side about 1.55 meter , post plinth of thinking it be the rack Tang Dynasty. There is strong point , width in now platform southwest clear and cool every height carves the stele plinth covering a lotus 55 centimetres, on 30 centimetres; The yard inner is excavated too long , broad every 34 centimetres of lotus decorative pattern method of brick, is that the building Tang Dynasty is all alone without exception leave behind. The temple inner is preserving things left behind by the deceased Tang Dynasty such as stone Buddha seat , remaining stone tower Duan.
Except that Wu Ze Tian builds largely building Bai Ma Temple, her son Li Hong also employs a tremendous amount of manpower material resources expanding Bai Ma Temple. "Luoyang Bai Ma Temple Salmone Huizang , this Fen capital people, live in the monk noble and pure seclusivly also. Give presents to an emperor , rebuild Bai Ma Temple , perch to incorporate a name morals , stand still for a long while establishing the good fortune field. The profound contract of Tibet fixes , the door weighs be most the head. "("Acient biography ") moral obligation to look after self's parent clear and cool emperor (652－675) is Li Hong , he is that Tanggaozongli punishes fifth son , Wu Ze Tian eldest son. The obvious Qing Yuan county year (656 years) is a crown prince immediately , go ahead dying in Luoyang yuan for 2 years combining harmoniously the palace, is now and then annual 24, pursues a posthumous title for "giving presents to an emperor ". The code of etiquette buries Mrs. Yu cord binding on the hilt of a sword county Jing Shan with Son of Heaven, respectful mausoleum of posthumous title of an emperor.
The Sui-Tang dynasty Luoyang is that the whole nation translates after the centre, even if early Yu Wu Zhou times Xuan Zhuang, comes back in going on a pilgrimage for Buddhist scriptures, also require that Luoyang returning to a hometown translates the classics book that self India brings back, the people is rejected quilt taking the world as self's model very much. (693) confers the India Tripitaka Damo stream branch upon in being that the day emperor is long-lived in Luoyang Buddha for 2 years writing down a temple translating "Buddha says precious rain classics ", be thought of righteousness prison translating by Bai Ma Temple great favor Salmone, the day sage passes through the first year of an era then (698) time "May Wu, nothing but righteousness Tripitaka returns back from the Western Regions , harbor Sanskrit goes through more than 400 theory and the Buddha's warrior attendant seat holds Buddhist relics really more than 300 the day falls then to have cleared the way for the emperor Dongmen welcome work , arrange for Buddha conferring a temple upon mark, not almost, The imperial decree or edict enters big time of empty space temples , righteousness , the disaster carry same reality waiting to translate after certificate righteousness ". Many Luo , Hua Yan sleep rescue "Buddhism Buddha, north India carpet guest people also. Cherish many Luo sqeeze , the oath melts a grease that, stops Luoyang Bai Ma Temple, translate out "the broad circle of expert has felt righteousness classics " "(consulting Fozu past dynasties be loaded with volume twelfth). India the Buddhist Scriptures most are the Eastern Han Dynasty this translates over during the 800 years till Tang medium term , Luoyang is Chinese all the time translate one big centres of Buddhist scriptures.
In 1998 Academy of Social Sciences has enearth doing kilning 4 having a temperature in Tang Dynasty making the earthenware and tile of everyday use outside the location Bai Ma Temple east wall engaging in archaeological studies. Another north oblique tones in this kiln location is discovered having the temple house ruin building in Tang Dynasty. The location digging is put into use and Wu Ze Tian goes hand in hand to the Bai Ma Temple extension after textual criticism , this kiln.
Li shows Emperor Zhong Zong of Tang dynasty having a predestined relationship also with Bai Ma Temple, in his pole Chong Xin county law Zong great master being explained saying that bank (teacher of Jian Zhen) , Zhao enter a palace, six palaces surround close rates enshrine and worship. Road bank successively holds the posts of headrope thinking general affairs Yu Bai Ma Temple , solemn temple etc. ", believe in the world glorious ". Be hit by respectful magical Zong Yu dragon (706) Rens in September "good fortune for 2 years Bai Ma Temple"be in order to welcome bestow favor on the ruler's subject "minister right servant shoots the head of the secretariat on , is concurrently, still know the Ministry of War in feudal China minister thing, prison repairs the national history Wei Yuan Zhong ", the yuan is faithful actually hide whose silver till the fellow villager or townsman, there be no relieved Shi. And emperor good fortune Bai Ma Temple taking as an example welcome work that, whose grace is caught in so-called ". ("Old Tang rolled book ninety-two biography forty-second ")
The Tang Dynasty eminent monk who practices Buddhism or Taoism in Bai Ma Temple but there is book may have a test in has chastity honorific title for a Buddhist monk , lawyer , favor natural pond etc.Ouyang Fei is written •saying "the acient collection record eye encourages Tang temple sutras inscribed on stones Tibet Ode ": "Sutras inscribed on stones conceals person , Chang An county encourages what Tang temple monk stands on in Tang Kai Yuan , east Bai Ma Temple host descendant safety all is order. The " ure Land five ancestors Buddhisms Shao Kang youth period (is faithful the beginning of yuan, sees that the thing readjusts oneself to a certain extent up "as for Luoyang Beijing Bai Ma Temple hall for 785 years),then explore choose why to go through law , be indeed "Occidentalization being expert in leading a line leading culture " also, good luck having "establish Shao Kang and Jodo.
Day precious "ampere of Shi Zhi chaos that (755) starts in 14 ", strong point amount to 8 years, face to face east the Luoyang destroying is all very heavy , the rebel army once captures Bai Ma Temple being a military beachhead. "Old Tang Dynasty History ·Huihe biography " is loaded with , the Huihe soldier puts down after Ding An county Shi Zhi is messy ", the tie , comfortable line brutality , traditional Chinese painting of beautiful women fear to Tokyo , with the thief that, all kind temple of Dengsheng and Bai Ma Temple two cabinets to avoid meeting that. Huihe commits arson burning two cabinets , wound the dead ten thousand meter , the tired ten-day period flame do not stop"many temples destroys Yu Bing fire. The Tang poetry people succeeds "the old Bai Ma Temple " poem, queen Luoyang Bai Ma Temple miserable condition having described chaos caused by war:
Bear on the back Bai Ma by that the thing already has left empty , judge remaining tablet Buddhist temple be lost trace.
Sough thatched cottage autumn wind gets up , one night the sound of raindrops bridle thought is dense.
Even so, the temple Buddhist ceremony was flexible and had not stopped at that time, the poet allowed not leaving hospital all over in "Bai Ma Temple therefore at that time the monk " writes road:
The Buddhist hollow heart is already quiet , the world road assumes a post of many branches. Long to yard visitor idea, the people who closes the border is all at sea.
The temple is noisy attend a lecture cutting off, kitchen give vegetarian diet Chi far. The wall is external when Luoyang says that the thing is edless.
The dilation because of Buddhism influence , the source having affected Tang dynasty taxes income and armed forces , labour force gravely, Buddhism and Tang have produced economy benefit between the government conflicting , famous Tang Wu Zong of history has appeared to exterminate the Buddha event , Luoyang has been stricken by disaster duplicating each other especially. Waste save the land under heaven buddha temple "", in the world together Wu Zong "imperial order temple, that the bronze statue , the bell inverted bell shift salt iron makes to coin money , whose iron image committee Honshu casts for agriculture implement, the gold , images such as silver , brass stone sell Fu of degree branch. Multitudinous dress scholar image of that all family gold , silver , copper , iron, imperial order produces the queen prescribing January to accept a government official, if disobey, shifting salt iron makes to follow punishment according to forbidding copper". "It's what land under heaven dismantles temple what more than 4,600 resumes secular life, Buddhist monks and nuns 260,500 people, collect charge two tax family, dismantle a move mention, more than 40,000 Lanruo collect fertile upper several tens of million qing = 6.67 hectares of field, collect servant-girl for two tax 150,000 people of family". Every street all keeps two institutes of temple since clear stipulation all, moves downwards on "the person , the temple keeps monk thirty people"the Bai Ma Temple calamity difficult to avoid meeting the person being located in outside the city. (Consult "old Tang Dynasty History ·Volume 19 ") , Luoyang take the Bai Ma Temple instauration as sign be grand sight's make temple motion most in history , draw previous not very successful full stop.
Be the west time Song Dynasty all where, once resurgent period of time of the Luoyang Bai Ma Temple, that circumstance already is not allowed to compare compared with the Han and Tang dynasty,but Bai Ma Temple today is is to develop but come on Ming and Qing Dynasty basis but , style and the Sui-Tang dynasty have the certain difference. |
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