2006.11.23
一、句型 （顺译法）
1、我不想陪你看电影了，请原谅。
I’d rather not go to the cinema with you if you don’t mind.
2、在该合同的有效期内，双方必须严格遵守。
During the period of the agreement, both the parties should abide by the terms and conditions of this agreement.
3、两个星期以前，中国在世界经济强国排名是第十位，这个星期排第三名列美日之后；
Tow weeks ago, China had the tenth largest economic country in the world, this week it jumps to the third behind the US. and Japan;
印度从前是11名，现越上了第六名；
India formerly No.11 leaps to No.6;
墨西哥从第12位上升到第10位。
Mexico climbs from No.12 to No.10.
4、爸爸比我妈妈大好多岁，他死了后过了6个月我才出生。
He was much older than my mother when he married and dead 6 month before I was born.
5、奶奶一直不理我爸爸，因为她觉得他不该去娶这么年轻的老婆。
Grandma has not spoken to my father since his marriage, because she considered he had made a mistake in marrying young girl.
6、记得那天，冷风习习，是3月的一个星期五下午。
It’s a cold, windy, Friday afternoon in March.
7、我晓得我像个孩子，我晓得我太小了，当你的太太不够格，我太小了，不能当一个贤妻良母。也许我还会短命，压根儿做不了妈妈。
I know I look like a child , I know I’m young to be a wife, and young to be a mother. But perhaps I will die before I become a mother.
8、给科波菲尔太太泡杯茶，快点！大半夜的走下楼，贝西小姐在客厅都等得不耐烦了。
Bring Ms Copperfield some tea at once. And about midnight she came downstairs to the sitting-room while Miss Betsty was waiting impatiently.
9、我迫不及待的爬上马车，不过心里也不是滋味，舍不得离开妈妈。
I was very excited when I climbed into the cart, although it was sad saying goodbye to my mother .
10、“好，CALRA”她给我妈妈说话的口气可古板了，妈妈正吃早餐。
“Now, Calra ” she said firmly to my mother at breakfast．
二、词汇
副总理 vice premier
关键的 crucial / critical
舆论 public opinion
大刀阔斧的 drastic; bold & resolute
严厉 severe ; stern
发表施政纲领 make a policy address ; deliver the administrative program
人大主席 President of the National People's Congress
通货膨胀 inflation
贬值 be depreciated ; be devaluated
宏观调控 Marco-control ; Marco-regulation
适当从紧的 moderately tight
财政和货币政策 fiscal & monetary policy
刺激国内需求 stimulate the domestic demand
基础设施建设 construction of infrastructure
水利工程 water conservancy
市政建设 urban construction
环保设施 environmental protection facilities
高新技术 high and new technique
技术改造 technique updating ; renovation
2006.11.28/2006.11.30
一、句型
1、一天上午，我到客厅照常上课，看见johns先生手里拿根小棍子。
One morning when I arrived in the sitting-room as usual for my lessons and saw that MR Johns had a thin stick in his hand.
2、我听到妈妈在后面哭泣，当我们上楼的时候。
I heard my mother crying as we went upstairs.
3、他气得嗷嗷直叫，就揍我，往死里揍我。
He cried out angrily and began to hit me as hard as he could.
4、我躺在地上，全身都疼，还流了血。
And I lying, sore and bleeding on the floor.
5、到了晚上，Johns夫人给我弄了点面包和牛奶，她把东西搁在地上，让我够得着。她朝我气冲冲的皱了皱眉头就走了。
In the evening, Ｍs Johns brought me some bread and milk which she left on the floor beside me, frowning as she went out.
6、说来也怪，学校里没有一个学生，又听说他们都放假了。据说虽然放假了，还送我上学就是为了惩治我的不听话。
I was surprised to find that none of the students there, and was told that they were all on holiday, and that I had been set there during the holiday as a punishment for my wickedness.
7、可是妈妈和Peter见了我可乐坏了，当然了，他们不能明里乐，要趁着Johns先生不在的时候偷着乐。
But she and Peter were delighted to see me, although they did not show it if MR Johns were present.
8、说心里话，我真巴不得早点返校呢，又可以跟Peter 和Johns 在一起了。
In fact, I was almost pleased when it was time to retune school and see Peter and Johns again.
9、屋子收拾得干干净净，可是我不能看见妈妈亲切的脸，那张对我重复微笑的脸，因为我一看就哭。
Everything is fresh and clean in the room, but I could not look at my mother’s lovely face which would never smile at me again without crying.
10、她“唰”的脸红了。她看见我们都在看她，赶紧双手捂脸。
She blushed when she saw that we were all looking at her and hid her face behind her hands.
二、与语法有关的误译
（一）及物动词与不及物动词的误译。
一些短语：
敲门 knock at/on the door
靠墙 lean against the wall
笑话他 laugh at / mock
想你 think of you / miss you
考虑问题 think of the problem / consider the problem
“打”字的译法：
打电话 make a phone call
打仗 fight a battle
打麻将 play Mah Jorg
打太极拳 practice the TAIJIQUAN
打毛衣 knit a sweater
打文件 type the document
打手指 snap one’s finger
打喷嚏 sneeze
打冷颤 shiver
打瞌睡 nod
句子练习：
1、因此，在这个问题上我重复了这么多边以后，我今天是在不想再讲了。
But after repeating my answers so many times on the question , I’m really very reluctant to talk about it any more.
2、如果今年再提出，我想也不会有别的结果。
If they insist on re-submitting the draft this year , I don’t see any different outcome.
3、在东南亚的金融风暴中，对香港的影响，在今年已经陆续显现了，尤其在今年上半年。
The effect on Hong Kong of the financial crisis in Southeast Asia has been to be showed especially in the first half this year.
4、咱们去吃饭吧！
Let’s go and eat!
（二）vocabulary的翻译 accuracy of words
1、我们搞社会主义才几十年，还处在初级阶段。
We have practiced the socialism for only several decades, and are still in the primary stage.
2、发展才是硬道理。
Development is the absolute principle.
3、依法查办大案要案，惩处一批腐败分子。
Major and key criminal cases were handled in accordance with the law, and a number of corrupt officials were punished.
4、精神文明。
Spiritual civilization
Cultural and ethical progress
5、不争论，大胆地试，大胆地闯。
Without controversy , we can make bold experiments and forge ahead without hesitation
2006.12.5/2006.12.7
一、句型
1、可是当我到了Dover的时候，发现那个镇子那么大，我没有想到有这么大。
But when I arrived Dover , it seemed a much larger town than I had imagined.
2、我站在他家门口，门口有个漂亮的小花园，我愣了会儿，感到害怕，全身颤抖起来，心想姨妈看到肯定不会理解我的。
I stood at his front door in the neat little garden for few moments trembling with fear and wondering what my aunt would think of me.
3、就这样，我的新生活开始了。
And so, a new life began for me.
4、我知道今非昔比，现在跟当初我在伦敦的时候不同了—我那时在一家仓库打工。
I knew it would be very different from the last time I was in London—when I was working at the warehouse.
5、你真会装相，表面上你嘲笑人家，笑人家穷，没念过几年书，样样不如你。
You pretend to laugh at people who are poorer or less educated than yourself.
6、1年了—我到Johns 事务所上班有一个年头了。
A year had passed since I first started the work in Mr. Johns’ Farm.
7、可是一场可怕的灾难就要降临到贝多芬头上。 （过去将来时）
But a terrible disaster was to befall Beethoven.
8、早在1798年，他当时只有28岁，第二交响乐还没写完，他的听力就出现衰退。
As early as 1798, when he was only 28 and his second symphony was not yet finished, he began to lose his hearing.
9、起初，他简直无法忍受任何人，哪怕是他的亲密朋友，知道他的不幸。
At first, he could not bear anyone, not even his best friends to know of his tragedy.
10、我们可以从下面的信中听出他的痛苦，1802年，贝多芬给弟弟写了封信，信中说：岂有此理！站在我身边的人能够听到远处的笛声，我什么也听不见；他能听到牧羊人的歌唱，我连一个音符也听不出来。
We can hear his misery in the letter he wrote his brother about his affliction in 1802: What humiliation! When anyone standing beside me could hear a distant flute that I could not hear or a shepherd singing that I could not distinguish a sound.
二、与语法有关的翻译错误——时态的错误。About tense
1、到2000年，这个比例将达到92%。
The percentage will have reached 92% by 2000.
2、我妹妹没去上学，她得了重感冒，头疼发烧。
My sister didn’t go to school today. She had headache.
3、你没有迟到，还有3分钟。
You are not late. You have got 3 minutes.
4、我们一出发，天就下起雨来了。
It began to rain as soon as we started out.
5、如果他更用功些，他会学的更好。
He will do better in his studies if he works hard.
6、一般人要等到失去他们所拥有的一切时，才会珍惜他所拥有的。
People at large do not appreciate what they have until they lose it.
三、上周homework.
1、经济过热，确实带来了一些问题，比如票子发得多了点，物价波动大了些。
The overheated economy resulted in a number of problems. For instance, the issue of excess bank notes led to a major price fluctuation.
2、待业青年，下岗工人。
Young people waiting for jobs. Laid-off workers.
3、对凭借行业垄断和某些特殊条件获得个人额外收入的必须纠正。
We must correct the mal-practice of individual obtaining extra income by taking advantage of sectoral monopoly and some special privileges.
4、特别是人口众多的发展中国家，要有自己的良好政策。
In particular, the developing countries with large population should have good policies.
12.14
一、比较句型的误译。
1、今年的产量比去年高。
This year’s outcome is greater than last year’s.
2、中国的人均农业土地面积比不上世界许多其他国家。
China’s per capita agricultural land can not compare with that of many other countries in the world.
3、不会取得过去7次会议上的那种结果。
The outcomes would be different from these of previous 7 times.
4、学习外语的方法和学习游泳一样，必须把实践放第一位。
The way of learning foreign language is the same as that of learning swimming. Practice must be put first.
二、句型。
1、这简直把我急疯了，真想一死了之，是艺术拦住了我。
Such circumstances brought me to the brink of despair and almost made me put an end to my life. Nothing but my art held my hand.
2、后来病情恶化了，他的最后几年什么也听不见。
The disease worsened and for the last years of his life he was completely deaf.
3、然而他仍全力以赴的创作，只可惜他的大部分优秀作品他自己从未听过。
But he went on working with all his strength, though much of his finest music he was never able to hear.
4、他终身未娶，晚年还过得很惨，他为不争气的侄子操碎了心，经济上极不宽裕，身体一日不如一日。
He never married and his last years were made wretched by anxiety over a ne’er do-well nephew (who was his ward) by poverty and by increasing ill health.
5、1827年，他死了。当时暴风骤雨，电闪雷鸣。他最后的动作是挥舞拳头，向外面的风雨挑战。
In 1827, he died during thunderstorm, his last action being to shake his fist in defiance at the storm outside.
6、我现在说的这个（中东市场）一进门就是以个哥特式拱门门廊，它的砖石显得年久月深。
The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic arched gateway of aged brick and stone.
7、小驴子披挂着叮当作响的铃铛，穿梭于人群中，市场中心人山人海，熙熙攘攘。
The little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs entering and leaving the bazaar.
2006.12.19
一、句型
1、大路大约有12英尺宽，可是它越来越窄，因为每走几码，就有小摊，这些小摊摆着各式各样的商品招揽顾客。
The roadway is about 12 feet wide, but is narrowed every few yards by little stores , where goods of very conceivable kind are sold.
2、这里十分热闹嘈杂，摊贩不停的叫卖声，驴子的嘶咛声和搬运工大声吆喝着的人们让路，要买不买拿不住主意的顾客，争长论短，讨价还价，如此嘈杂之声不绝于耳，真让人眼花头晕。
The din of store-holder crying their warns, of donkeys and porters clearing away from themselves by shouting vigorously and would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous makes you dizzy.
3、生产原料和日常消费品不端从大陆运送过来,有庞大的国内市场做后盾，澳门渴望进一步发展与大陆的经贸关系，也给澳门本身的经济发展创造良机。
With the continuous supply of production material and goods for everyday consumption from mainland areas and the backing of the huge domestic market, Macao can improve development with economy and trading relationship，and creat more changing for local economy development.
4、首任行政长官于5月15日选出。
The first chief executive was elected by the selection committee on May 15.
5、何厚铧，44岁，银行家，就得澳门行政长官的殊荣。
He Houhua , a 44-year-old banker won Macao’s top post in the election.
6、这标志着澳门历史的新纪元，因为澳门的总督是由葡萄牙“进口”的，这种“进口”历时400年。
This marked a new era in Macao’s history because governor of Macao had been set from Portugal for the past 400 years.
7、新推选出的澳门首任行政长官，号召葡萄牙的豪门政府发展与中国的合作关系，这样一来，双方就可以扫除障碍，主要是澳门确定公务员转为当地公民的日程、法律体系的修订、汉语地位的提高等方面的障碍。
The newly elected first chief executive called on the Portuguese-Macao government to set up cooperation with China, so that both sides can remove obstacles ----regarding the timing of the localization of Macao’s civil servants, the legal system and the raisy of official status of Chinese language.
8、澳门人民真诚的希望葡萄牙方面继续与中国方面友好合作，促使各种问题顺利解决，实现政权的顺利交接。
Macao people sincerely hope that the Portugal side will continue to cooperate with Chinese side in a friendly way and promote the satisfactory resolution of all issue relating to the transfer of power and smooth transition.
9、书中的人物形形色色，有未来2万年后的科幻超人，有历史上的人文祖先；故事情节也是种类繁多，有福尔摩斯的精彩案情分析，有科学发现，有儿童教育，应有尽有。
Who in the book include every from science fiction super man 200,00 centuries in the future, to first all the way figle people back to history; how covers everything from the ingenious explainations of Sherlock to discovery of science and ways of teaching manners to children.
10、你的经历和作者的经历一比较，就使你得到一样或者不一样的结论，而你的思想可以随着你对作品的理解而发展成熟。
Your experience, compared with the author, brings you to the same or different conclusion and your ideas develop as you understand this.
2007.1.4
一、应用文体 正式词与非正式词
1、在特殊情况下，公司可以在原定的投标有效期之前，向投标人提出有效期延长到规定时间的要求。
In exceptional circumstances, prior to the expiry of original tender validity period, the company may demand the tenders for a specified extension of the period of validity.
2、[遗嘱]兹证明，张明（男，生于1946年1月），于1993.1.7来到我处，在其本人所立的遗嘱上签名。
This is to certify that Zhang Ming, male, born on April 1,1946, came to my office on Jan, 7, 1993 and affixed his signature in my presence to the testament made by himself which is attached hereto.
3、继承人：李丽，女，1948.9.20生 住址XXXXX。。
被继承人：李明，男，生前于美国XXXXXX。。
查李明98年于xx地死亡，死后在xx留有遗产。死者生前立有遗嘱，根据遗嘱，死者李明的遗产由李丽继承。
Heir: Li Li, female, born on 1948.9.20, now residing at No. 36 Gaoling Road shanghai …
Deceased: Li Ming, male, resided at …..
Li Ming died on 1998.8.20 at XXX and left his estate at XXX. He had a will. According to his will Mr. Ling Ming’s estate is to be inherited by Li Li.
二、变换用词。
1、封建社会代替奴隶社会，资本主义社会代替封建社会，社会主义经历一个长过程发展后必定代替资本主义社会。
代替：replace \\ substitute…for\\ instead of\\ supersede(优越代替落后的)\\ cover up\\ take place of\\ on behalf of（某人）
Feudal society replaced slave society, capitalism supplanted feudalism, and after a long time, socialism will necessarily supersede capitalism.
2、第一次是辛亥革命，第二次是中华人民共和国成立，第三次是改革开放。
The first change was represented by the Revolution of 1911, the second change was marked by the founding of RPC, the third change was featured by the Reform and Penning.
3、在改善物质生活的同时，充实精神生活。
While improving people material well-being, we should enrich their cultural life.
4、城镇居民人均可支配收入达到5610元，农村居民人均纯收日达到2090元。
The average per capita disposable income reached 5610 yuan for city dwellers, the average per capita net income of rural residents rose to 2090 yuan .
5、国防工业实行军民结合，平战结合。
Combing production of war time products with peace time product
Integrate military with civilian purpose
6、这是眼前的一个问题，并不时已经顺利解决了，希望解决得好。
There is a current issue that has not been solved smoothly, I hope it will be resolved satisfactorily.
7、当前世界上主要有两个问题，一个是和平问题，一个是发展问题。和平问题已经解决，发展问题还没得到解决。
There are two major global issue: at one is peace and the other is development. There is lope for peace but the problem of development has not yet.
三、常见错误分析之与语法无关的翻译错误。
1、录音机为学习外语提供了方便。
Recorder facilitates learning foreign language.
2、随着现代化发明的出现，简化了家务事。
Modern inventions facilitate house work.
3、在看到李伟的杀人行为时，我感到十分震惊。
I was very much shocked at the sight of Li Wei’s killing a person.
4、夜里下过一场雷阵雨。
There was a thunder shower in the night.
5、安娜想明年结婚。
Ann wants to get married next year.
四、汉英词汇。
1、修饰词正好相反。
抢险车 a breakdown lorry 防暴警察 riot police 裁军会议 arms talk
消防部队 a fire brigade 防寒服 warm clothes 太平门 an emergency exit
打九折 a ten percent cut 候机厅 a departure lounge 油漆未干 wet paint
2、差异较大的词汇。
手扶拖拉机 walking tractor 手杖 walking stick 死胡同 a blind alley
假眼 a glass eye 红眼 a green-eyed 红眼（过度疲劳）a pink eye
3、中心词与修饰词的换位。
剪报 newspaper clipping
集邮 stamp collecting
耐用消费品 consumer durables
三角恋爱 love triangle
4、动作的转换。
看钟 read the clock
看穿心事 read his mind
为你是问 you must answer for it
听电话 answer the phone
开门 answer the door
出场 enter (it’s your turn to enter)
自学者 teach himself
放下重担 be lifted off
2007.1.9
一、词汇 填充词。
1、虚词。
（1）港口设施的业主或者经营者应当按照港口设计规范，提供安全靠岸、离岸、移动泊位的条件。
The proprietor or operator of port facilities shall provide safe means mooring, departing and changing to another berth all in accordance with the designed specifications of the port.
（2）国际经济日益密切，科学技术突飞猛进，对世界政治、经济、社会的发展产生重要的影响。
The international economic links have become tighter and tighter, and S&T are advancing by leaps and bounds, both of which are exerting a major influence on policy economy and society.
(3)希望在90年代进步更快。
I hope greater progress can be obtained in the 1990s.
2、实词。
（1）我们巩固和发展了11届三中全会以来的大好形势。
We have consolidated and developed the excellent situation prevailing since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee.
（2）在建国以来，革命和建设成就的基础上，我们党总结历史教训与经验。
Basing itself on the achievements scored in Revolution and Construction since the founding of the PRC，our party reviewed historical experiences and lessons.
（3）香港特别行政区的区旗是五星花蕊的紫荆花红旗。
The regional flag of HKSAR is a red flag with a bauhinia highlighted by five star-tipped stamens.
二、范畴词。
1、收入分配关系还没有理顺。
The distribution of income needs to be straightened out.
2、妥善处理改革、发展、稳定的关系。
We should balance the reform, development and stabilization.
3、大力发展教育和科技事业。
vigorously developing education and S&T.
4、积极推进住房体制改革。
Press ahead with the Reform of Housing.
三、句型。
1、所有年代所有的智慧，数百年来让人津津乐道的所有事，都能轻易看到，花费也不高，一切藏于书卷中。可是我们必须知道怎样利用这种财富，而且是充分利用。
All the wisdom of all ages, all the stories that have be lighted mankind for century are easily and cheaply available of us within the covers of books. But we must know how to avail of this treasure and how get the most from it.
2、若想让读书有趣，你必须希望书中有乐趣。
Reading can only be fun if you expected to be.
3、你读啊读，终于变得更高尚、聪颖、善良，或者更温柔。你说读书还是苦差使吗？
If you become, as a result of reading, better wisdom, , or more gentle. You must have suffered during the process |
发表于 2007-8-8 21:42:40