英汉表达十种差异

文字英汉表达差异十种
1．  The town boasts a beautiful lake.
2．  园内轩窗四启，（庄徽君）看着湖光山色， 正如仙境。
Zhuang’s house had large windows on every side from which he could enjoy the lakeside scenery, as enchanting as fairyland.
一．  英语：重形合， 汉语：重意合                        
1．  跑得了和尚， 跑不了庙。
The monks may run away, but the temple can not run away with them.
2．  一个英国人，不会说中国话， 有一次在中国旅行。
An Englishman who could not speak Chinese was once travelling in China.
3．  那太阳，整天躲在云层里，现在又光芒四射了。
The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in full splendor.
二．  英语：前重心， 汉语：后重心
1.  生活中既有悲剧， 文学作品就可以写悲剧。
Tragedies can be written in literature since there is tragedy in life.
2.  揭穿这种老八股、老教条的丑态给人民看， 号召人民起来反对老八股、老教条， 这就是五四运动时期的一个极大的功绩。
A tremendous achievement of the May 4th Movement was its public exposure of the ugliness of old stereotype and the old dogman and its call to the people to rise against them.
3.  中国人民敢于起来斗争， 敢于拿起武器， 掌握自己国家的命运， 就一定能够战胜大国的侵略。
The people of a small country can certainly defeat aggression of a big country , if only they dare to rise in struggle, dare to take up arms and grasp in their own hands the destiny of their own country.
三．  英语：静态语言， 汉语：动态语言
1．  I fell madly in love with her, and she with me.
2．  A woman with fair opportunities , and without an absolute hump may marry whom she likes.
3．  Back and forth his head swivelled, desire waxing, resolution waning.
4．  I am afraid of your misunderstanding me.
5．  But this very formulation is indicative of the underlying attitude.
6．  That would be the confirmation that it was in general use.
7．  The very sight of him makes me nervous.
8．  I am sure of it.
四．  英语：重物称， 汉语：重人称
1.  A wave of cigar smoke accompanied Ogilivie in.
2.  “Hi! Hi!” said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.
3.  Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.
4.  My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow’s hand.
五．  英语：多被动， 汉语：多主动
1.  The importance of oceanography as a key to the understanding of our planet is seldom well appreciated.
2.  The challenge from the third World has always been foreseen by our shipping companies.
3.  An illustration is furnished by the editorial in the Washington Post.
4.  The oldest Oxford racket had been elbowed out by the black markets in Woodbines, toffes, toffees, tomatoes.
5.  It has been known for a long time that there is a first relationship between the heart and the liver.
六．  英语：多复合长句， 汉语：多简单句
1.  As we lived near the road, we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry wine, for which we had great reputation, and I confess, with the veracity of a historian, that I never knew one of them to find fault with it.
2.  While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton’s academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Hall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour.
七．  英语：重后饰， 汉语：重前饰
1.  The diagnosis seems in every case to correspond exactly with all the sensations that I have ever felt.
2.  It is a good plan to imagine an argument with a person having a different bias.
3.  It may be…a low-lying arid stretch with miles of white sandy beach, and no sign of people, very bleached and barren.
八．  英语：重短语， 汉语：轻短语
1.  But with the world steel industry deep in the doldrums, who need iron carriers?
2.  I have never met a person so difficult to understand as my husband.
3.  This is by far the most interesting book I have ever read.
4.  You must stand up for your friend.
5.  The author’s new book on phonetics recently published is more than worth reading.
6.  To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
7.  Mary is considering changing her job.
九．  英语：重时体， 汉语：轻时体
1.  He is always thinking of how he can do more for the people.
2.  He is constantly leaving his things about.
3.  I am now living in a very pleasant flat.
4.  You have been always making that mistake.
5.  My wife is always changing her clothes.
6.  In the large entrance-hall visitors are constantly coming and going.
7.  I forget his name./ I am forgetting how to speak French.
8.  It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.
9.  I must confess that I did not expect a speech about oysters. I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact of the atomic cataclysm.
10.  The radio squeaks midnight. The cafes must be closing, the last guests going home. Lovers stand before house doors unable to take leave of each other.
十．  英语：重形态，汉语：轻形态
1.  The disaster of deinstitutionalization is part of this.
2.  More recently he introduced himself into the debate on welfare reform by insisting that unwed motherhood, not joblessness , was the key problem.
3.  Tom Mann said he must speak to him, and advanced as Lenin came towards us. How glad he was to greet Tom Mann! His face lit up with pleasure as he told Tom how closely he had followed his activities all over the world.
4.  Newton invented a paper lantern illuminated by a candle which he carried with him to light his way to school on dark winter mornings.
5.  Health is above wealth, for this cannot give so much hapopiness as that.