The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge (Artificial Intelligence)
By Robert Berwick
* Publisher:The MIT Press
* Number Of Pages:350
* Publication Date:1985-08-14
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0262022265
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780262022262
Product Description:
This landmark work in computational linguistics is of great importance both theoretically and practically because it shows that much of English grammar can be learned by a simple program. The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge investigates the central questions of human and machine cognition: How do people learn language? How can we get a machine to learn language? It first presents an explicit computational model of language acquisition which can actually learn rules of English syntax given a sequence of grammatical, but otherwise unprepared, sentences. It shows that natural languages are designed to be easily learned and easily processed-an exciting breakthrough from the point of view of artificial intelligence and the design of expert systems because it shows how extensive knowledge might be acquired automatically, without outside intervention. Computationally, the book demonstrates how constraints that may be reasonably assumed to aid sentence processing also aid language acquisition. Chapters in the book's second part apply computational methods to the general problem of developmental growth, particularly the thorny problem of the interaction between innate genetic endowment and environmental input, with the intent of uncovering the constraints on the acquisition of syntactic knowledge. A number of "mini-theories" of learning are incorporated in this study of syntax with results that should appeal to a wide range of scholarly interests. These include how lexical categories, phonological rule systems, and phrase structure rules are learned; the role of semantic-syntactic interaction in language acquisition; how a "parameter setting" model may be formalized as a learning procedure; how multiple constraints (from syntax, thematic knowledge, or phrase structure) interact to aid acquisition; how transformational-type rules may be learned; and, the role of lexical ambiguity in language acquisition. Robert Berwick is an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge is sixteenth in the Artificial Intelligence Series, edited by Patrick Winston and Michael Brady.
Introducing English as an Additional Language to Young Children
By Kay Crosse
* Publisher:Paul Chapman Educational Publishing
* Number Of Pages:192
* Publication Date:2007-11-08
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:141293611X
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9781412936118
Product Description
`A definite must-have for all teachers of English confronted with early multilingualism' - Times Educational Supplement
The activities and guidance in this book will help teachers to develop the confidence and meet the individual needs of young children with English as an additional language across different settings. There are also practical and varied language teaching strategies to promote learning for children working individually or in small groups.
The first part of the book focuses on the introduction and development of oral language skills and the particular needs of young "additional English language learners" settling into a new environment. It provides an introduction to the Foundation Stage curriculum and the ways in which links can be made with English as an additional language activity.
The second part of the book presents practical activities grouped under the six areas of learning forming the early years curriculum. Each activity includes an appropriate objective, materials and preparation, key vocabulary to focus on and extension suggestions, as well as full guidance on how to manage the activity effectively.
The book will be a valuable resource for all teachers, teaching assistants and other early years staff in day nurseries, nursery schools and other early years settings.
Kay Crosse is a freelance early years consultant and was formerly head of Norland College.
Lexical Representation and Process (Bradford Books)
By W. D. Marslen-Wilson
* Publisher:The MIT Press
* Number Of Pages:588
* Publication Date:1991-11-21
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0262631423
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780262631426
Product Description:
How do humans understand and process language? The 18 contributions in Lexical Representation and Process provide a coherent and well-documented frame of reference for a field of study that is becoming central to both linguistics and psycholinguistics. They include a wide variety of approaches - from the radical alternative of new connectionist models, through new developments in traditional symbolic approaches, to the reemphasis on linguistic concepts as a crucial input to psycholinguistic models. Chapters are organized in sections covering psychological models of lexical processing, the nature of the input, lexical structure and process, and parsing and interpretation.
William Marslen-Wilson is a Senior Scientist at the Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit in Cambridge, England.
The Cambridge Handbook of Child Language (Cambridge Handbooks in Language and Linguistics)
By Edith L. Bavin
* Publisher:Cambridge University Press
* Number Of Pages:608
* Publication Date:2009-03-23
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0521883377
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780521883375
Product Description:
The best survey of the subject available, The Cambridge Handbook of Child Language brings together the world's foremost researchers to provide a one-stop resource for the study of language acquisition and development. Grouped into five thematic sections, the Handbook is organised by topic, making it easier for students and researchers to use when looking up specific in-depth information. It covers a wider range of subjects than any other handbook on the market, with chapters covering both theories and methods in child language research, and tracing the development of language from pre-linguistic infancy to teenager. Drawing on both established and more recent research, the Handbook surveys statistical learning, the cross-linguistic study of language acquisition, pre-linguistic development, and topics in semantic, pragmatic and narrative development, bilingualism, sign languages, specific language impairment, language and autism, Down Syndrome and Williams Syndrome. The field of child language research is multi-disciplinary: the book will be an essential reference for students and researchers working in linguistics, psychology, cognitive science, speech pathology, education and anthropology.
Foundational Issues in Linguistic Theory: Essays in Honor of Jean-Roger Vergnaud (Current Studies in Linguistics)
By Robert Freidin, Carlos P. Otero, Maria Luisa Zubizarreta
* Publisher:The MIT Press
* Number Of Pages:408
* Publication Date:2008-05-31
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:026206278X
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780262062787
Product Description:
Jean-Roger Vergnaud's work on the foundational issues in linguistics has proved influential over the past three decades. At MIT in 1974, Vergnaud (now holder of the Andrew W. Mellon Professorship in Humanities at the University of Southern California) made a proposal in his Ph.D. thesis that has since become, in somewhat modified form, the standard analysis for the derivation of relative clauses. Vergnaud later integrated the proposal within a broader theory of movement and abstract case. These topics have remained central to theoretical linguistics. In this volume, essays by leading theoretical linguists attest to the importance of Jean-Roger Vergnaud's contributions to linguistics.
The essays first discuss issues in syntax, documenting important breakthroughs in the development of the principles and parameters framework and including a famous letter (unpublished until recently) from Vergnaud to Noam Chomsky and Howard Lasnik commenting on the first draft of their 1977 paper "Filters and Controls." Vergnaud's writings on phonology (which, the editors write, "take a definite syntactic turn") have also been influential, and the volume concludes with two contributions to that field. The essays, rewarding from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, not only offer insight into Vergnaud's impact on the field but also describe current work on the issues he introduced into the scholarly debate.
Contributors:
Joseph Aoun, Elabbas Benmamoun, Cedric Boeckx, Noam Chomsky, B. Elan Dresher, Robert Freidin, Morris Halle, Norbert Hornstein, Richard S. Kayne, Samuel Jay Keyser, Howard Lasnik, Yen-hui Audrey Li, M. Rita Manzini, Karine Megerdoomian, David Michaels, Henk van Riemsdijk, Alain Rouveret, Leonardo M. Savoia, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, Edwin Williams.
Explorations in Seamless Morphology
By Rajendra Singh
* Publisher:SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd
* Number Of Pages:348
* Publication Date:2003-06-23
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0761995943
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780761995944
Product Description:
Text presents two converging approaches to the analysis of morphologically complex words: the Montreal approach, and a monostratal syntactic dependency theory called 'lexicase'. For theoretical linguists, descriptive grammarians, historical linguists, and lexicologists.
1. Prolegomena to a Theory of Non-Pininian 18
Morphology
Alan Ford and Rajendra Singh
2. Some Advantages of Linguistics without 43
Morpho(pho)nology
Alan Ford,and Rajendra Singh
3. In Praise of Sakatfiyana: Some Remarks on Whole 66
Word Morphology
Rajendra Singh and Alan Ford
4. On So-called Compounds 77
Rajendra Singh and Probal Dasgupta
5. On Defining the Chinese Compound Word: 90
Headedness in Chinese Compounding and Chinese
VR Compounds
Stanley Starosta, Koenraad Kuiper, Siew Ai Ng and
Zhiqian Wu..-. - ...
6. Do Compounds have Internal Structure? 116
A Seamless Analysis
Stanley Starosta
7. Micronesian Noun Incorporation: 148
A Seamless Analysis
Stanley Starosta
8. Semantic Fragmentation in Word-Formation: The 197
Case of Spanish -AZO
Franz Rainer
9. Towards a Universal Theory of Shape-invariant 212
(Templatic) Morphology: Classical Arabic
Re-considered
Robert R. Ratcliffe
10. Paradigmatic Morphology 270
Thomas Becker
11. The Importance of Being Ernist 284
Probal Dasgupta
12. A Perfect Strategy for Latin 301
Byron W. Bender
13. Morphologyin Minimal Information Grammar 328
Danko Sipka
About theEditors and Contributors 339
Index 341
Seamless morphology has multiple origins, going back as far as
Bhartrihari (8 C.E.). In recent times it has taken form independently
in several places in Europe and North America. In the case of the
versions espoused by the two editors of this volume, the seamless
view evolved from two different directions. Rajendra Singh, Alan
Ford, and several students of theirs at the Université de Montréal
came from the direction of phonology, and were addressing the
question of the boundary between phonology and word structure,
and the status of morphophonemics/morphonology in grammatical
theory. Their first proposal regarding the nature and structure of
morphology is contained in Ford and Singh (1983), a paper they
presented at the CLS special parasession on interfaces.
In the lexicase version of dependency grammar that was developed
at the University of Hawai'i by Stanley Starosta and some of his
students and colleagues on the other hand, beginning with Harvey
Taylor's dissertation on Japanese in 1971, seamless morphology was
the unplanned offspring of an attempt to constrain the power of
Chomskyan syntactic theory. This produced a monostratal syntactic
dependency representation called 'lexicase' which operated exclusively
with words rather than smaller units. The lexicon contained
only words, and grammatical statements about the correlation between
word shapes and syntactic distribution took the form of operations
that created new words from lexically listed ones.
The Myth of the Zero Article
By Leszek Berezowski
* Publisher:Continuum
* Number Of Pages:149
* Publication Date:2009-08-09
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:1441185135
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9781441185136
Product Description:
Berezowski investigates the origin of the concept of the zero article and clearly demonstrates why it is problematic. The zero article is a staple element of any description of English article usage from advanced research publications down to student grammars, but there has been very little inquiry into its meaning and its other properties. There are copious amounts of publications dealing with the definite and indefinite articles but none about the zero article. Berezowski investigates the origin of the concept of the zero article and shows that it has roots both in structural linguistics of the 1940s and earlier historical linguistics. Structural linguists went on to claim that, since the use of articles in English is deemed 'obligatory', the zero article exists but it has no overt form. Looking through earlier attempts at analyzing the meaning of the zero article, from Jespersen to Chesterman, Berezowksi shows how they all fail. An answer to theoretical problems of grammaticalization are developed; it is shown that English articles have not yet reached a stage in their development where their use has spread to all grammatical environments. Thus, a model is developed for determining when there is no article in English. The new model is tested against a commonly occurring case of zero article, using a corpus-based approach. "The Myth of the Zero Article" will appeal to academics and students interested in grammar and syntax. It covers an issue recurrent in the teaching and learning of English as Second/Foreign language, and will also appeal to teacher trainers and trainee teachers.
Interlanguage Pragmatic Development: The Study Abroad Context
By Gila A. Schauer
* Publisher:Continuum
* Number Of Pages:255
* Publication Date:2009-07-12
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:1847065201
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9781847065209
Product Description:
Gila Schauer's study of interlanguage pragmatic development in English is situated in the context of studying abroad. It is the first book-length study of a common occurrence worldwide, but one that has not received the focus it deserves. Schauer examines the interlanguage pragmatic development of German learners of English at a British University over the course of a year. The focus is not only on the learners' productive pragmatic development, but also on their pragmatic awareness, which is compared with their grammatical awareness. The analysis undertaken is both qualitative and quantitative, and the book draws some important conclusions relevant to the whole field of interlanguage pragmatics. It will be engaging reading for researchers and for those doing postgraduate studies in applied linguistics, especially those working on interlanguage and cross-cultural pragmatics, multilingualism and second language acquisition.
Multiple Voices: An Introduction to Bilingualism
By Carol Myers-Scotton
* Publisher:Wiley-Blackwell
* Number Of Pages:472
* Publication Date:2005-07-18
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0631219366
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780631219361
Product Description:
Multiple Voices: An Introduction to Bilingualism provides a comprehensive overview of all major aspects of bilingualism. It is primarily concerned with bilingualism as a socio-political phenomenon in the world and, as such, emphasizes languages in contact, language maintenance and shift, language policy (including educational policies), and language as a social identity marker. Other topics discussed include the grammatical or cognitive aspects of bilingualism, such as codeswitching and convergence, how bilingualism appears to be organized in the brain, and how child bilingualism differs from bilingualism acquired at a later age.
Designed for upper-level undergraduate or beginning graduate students, this textbook includes many detailed examples from all over the world and is written accessibly by a prominent bilingualism researcher.
Summary: Multiple Voices
Rating: 5
The book arrived quickly and in wonderful condition. It saved me a lot of money becuase it was more expensive to buy the used beat-up copy in the campus book store! Thanks! : )
Summary: The best introduction to bilingualism
Rating: 5
I am a sociolinguist with a specialism in bilingualism, and every year I teach a course on bilingalism to undergraduates in a prestigious UK university. The students are in their second or final year of a degree programme, and have all done some basic courses in linguistics, but don't typically have a lot of background in linguistics, though they are very bright. Another prerequisite for the module is the ability to hold a conversation in more than one language. The module attracts students from many countries (this year it is UK, Spain, Mexico, and Mauritius), though most are, naturally, British.
When I knew that MULTIPLE VOICES was out I sent for a review copy and it arrived just in time to let me put it in as a text book for 2005-6. It's a second semester course, so the students have just started using it. When I saw MULTIPLE VOICES, I thought it would be the best introduction to bilingualism currently on offer, and now (so far) the students are confirming this.
My students find it clear and interesting. They especially like the boxes with stories about people that begin every chapter. In general, they like the appearance of bilingual narratives throughout the book. They find this brings reality home to them and helps them remember the concepts better. They like the bullet points that sum up the chapters too. They notice that central concepts are repeated and feel that this helps to keep them in their minds.
My students are giving me very positive feedback about this book, and I am happy that I had time to chose it. Carol Myers-Scotton is a major researcher and theorist in the area, but the book isn't restricted to her own theory. If you are looking for a textbook for a course on bilingualism, it's hard to imagine what would compete with it at the moment.
Summary: Multiple voices: An Introducation to Bilingualism
Rating: 3
This is good introduction to bilingualism and multilingualism. All of the traditional concepts are covered, though not in depth. Some of the chapters (code-switching and lexcial borrowing) are quite technical for beginners, while others are just right. The book is geared toward understanding bilingualism as practiced in a wide range of groups. For me, there was not enough focus on Spanish-English bilingualism, or indigenous language-English bilingualism, and the chapter on code-switching was not very good. The audience for this book seems to be people who are teaching in international ESL programs or in intercultural education programs. It is not the kind of book I would recommend to K-12 teachers, because there are few examples of bilingualism in schools or in bilingual communities.
Diachronic Clues to Synchronic Grammar (Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today)
By Eric Fuss, Carola Trips
* Publisher:John Benjamins Publishing Co
* Number Of Pages:226
* Publication Date:2004-11
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:9027227969
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9789027227966
Categorization and Naming in Children: Problems of Induction (Learning, Development, and Conceptual Change)
By Ellen M. Markman
* Publisher:The MIT Press
* Number Of Pages:264
* Publication Date:1991-05-02
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0262631369
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780262631365
Product Description:
In this landmark work on early conceptual and lexical development, Ellen Markman explores the fascinating problem of how young children succeed at the task of inducing concepts. Backed by extensive experimental results, she challenges the fundamental assumptions of traditional theories of language acquisition and proposes that a set of constraints or principles of induction allows children to efficiently integrate knowledge and to induce information about new examples of familiar categories.
Ellen M. Markman is Professor of Psychology at Stanford University.
The Sound Pattern of English
By Noam Chomsky, Morris Halle
* Publisher:The MIT Press
* Number Of Pages:484
* Publication Date:1991-01-17
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:026253097X
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780262530972
Product Description:
(A reprint of the 1968 edition)
Summary: Foundational
Rating: 4
I'm going to disagree with the other two reviewers. It did not kick-start linguistics or phonology, which had been going for decades (if not a century). But it did give phonology a needed kick in the pants, for it showed that (a) native speakers of English had indeed internalized *some* means for predicting stress, and (b) it gave a set of rules that would predict stress.
While phonologists have long since moved beyond believing that those particular rules are what native speakers have internalized--it is anything but the last word--it set a standard for what an account of phonology needed to accomplish. For it came closer than anything before (and than a lot of things after) to being observationally adequate, if not achieving descriptive adequacy. Accounting for a large set of data--a corpus--has certainly not been replaced by experimental techniques; the latter are simply another arrow in the phonologist's quiver.
As for being obsolete, I guess SPE falls into the same category as writings by Galileo or Newton or Darwin: superseded in some sense, but still worth reading.
Summary: Long since obsolete
Rating: 2
Tis book kick-started the fields of phonology and linguistics, but it is long since obsolete. It's a work that is based on intuition, and the field has moved on to experimental techniques. Rather, I should say that experimental fields have grown up, like Psycholinguistics and Computational Linguistics, but linguists in Chomsky's tradition have largely ignored them.
It's a work that describes English, but gives the impression that it is providing deep explanations of English. For instance, it popularized the idea of a "feature" as a basic, atomic entity in linguistics. But, 50 years on, features have led to many publications but few insights that have proved themselves useful outside the tightly knit community that uses them. Speech technology, for instance, never found features to be particularly useful.
It's a Bible among a certain class of linguists, but it's not clear whether it has actually led to much.
Summary: The first and last word on this subject
Rating: 5
The Sound Pattern of English (known as "SPE") is the most complete study of the phonology of any language that has ever been undertaken. It is the last word on English stress, vowels, and consonants. It will also tell you everything you need to know about how to write phonological rules, covering complexities like parentheses, parenthesis-star, curly brackets, angled brackets, and everything else. Chomsky and Halle also tell us about their discovery of "distinctive" "features", which are the universal sound system of every language. We owe them a great debt of gratitude for this stunning achievement. "'SPE'" was Chomsky's last work on phonology, so you can see what a loss it was that he decided to switch to syntax.
Mental States: Volume 1: Evolution, function, nature (Studies in Language Companion Series)
By Andrea C. Schalley, Drew Khlentzos
* Publisher:John Benjamins Publishing Co
* Number Of Pages:304
* Publication Date:2007-12-13
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:9027231028
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9789027231024
The Categorization of Spatial Entities in Language and Cognition (Human Cognitive Processing)
By Michel Aurnague, Laure Vieu, Maya Hickmann
* Publisher:John Benjamins Publishing Co
* Number Of Pages:371
* Publication Date:2007-04-19
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:9027223742
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9789027223746
Product Description:
Deals with language and psychology.
Evaluation in Media Discourse: Analysis of a Newspaper Corpus (Corpus and Discourse)
By Monika Bednarek
* Publisher:Continuum
* Number Of Pages:253
* Publication Date:2006-12-09
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:082649126X
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780826491268
Product Description:
"Evaluation in Media Discourse" presents the first book-length corpus-based account of evaluation, using a corpus of one hundred newspaper articles comprising a 70,000 word comparable corpus, drawn from both tabloid and broadsheet media. This book offers a new way forward for analysing the expression of opinion, by proposing an innovative framework of evaluation that can be applied to different types of discourse. It provides detailed explanations and justifications of this framework, as well as demonstrating how this is part of the larger framework of media discourse. Illustrated with many authentic examples from news discourse, and integrating competing approaches to evaluation, the book underlines the importance of context for the functions of evaluation. It also makes frequent reference to the production circumstances of newspaper discourse, in particular the so-called 'news values' that shape the creation of the news. Cutting-edge and insightful, this monograph will be of interest to academics and researchers in the fields of (critical) discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, and media language. It is also suitable for students taking courses in those areas.
Dialect and Dichotomy: Literary Representations of African American Speech
By Lisa Cohen Minnick
* Publisher:University Alabama Press
* Number Of Pages:216
* Publication Date:2007-06-17
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0817354239
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780817354237
Product Description:
'Dialect and Dichotomy' outlines the history of dialect writing in English and its influence on linguistic variation. It also surveys American dialect writing and its relationship to literary, linguistic, political, and cultural trends, with emphasis on African American voices in literature. Furthermore, this book introduces and critiques canonical works in literary dialect analysis and covers recent, innovative applications of linguistic analysis of literature. Next, it proposes theoretical principles and specific methods that can be implemented in order to analyse literary dialect for either linguistic or literary purposes, or both. Finally, the proposed methods are applied in four original analyses of African American speech as represented in major works of fiction of the American South - Mark Twain's 'Adventures of Huckleberry Finn', Charles W. Chesnutt's 'The Conjure Woman, William Faulkner's 'The Sound and the Fury', and Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God. Dialect and Dichotomy is designed to be accessible to audiences with a variety of linguistic and literary backgrounds. It is an ideal research resource and course text for students and scholars interested in areas including American, African American and southern literature and culture; linguistic applications to literature; language in the African American community; ethnicity and representation; literary dialect analysis and/or computational linguistics; dialect writing as genre; and American English.
Mental Spaces in Discourse and Interaction (Pragmatics and Beyond New Series)
By Todd Oakley, Anders Hougaard
* Publisher:John Benjamins Publishing Company
* Number Of Pages:262
* Publication Date:2008-04-15
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:9027254141
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9789027254146
Product Description:
The cognitive theory of mental spaces and conceptual integration (MSCI) is a twenty-year-old, cross-disciplinary enterprise that presently unfolds in academic circles on many levels of reflection and research. One important area of inquiry where MSCI can be of immediate use is in the pragmatics of written and spoken discourse and interaction. At the same time, empirical insights from the fields of interaction and discourse provide a necessary fundament for the development of the cognitive theories of discourse. This collection of seven chapters and three commentaries aims at evaluating and developing MSCI as a theory of meaning construction in discourse and interaction. MSCI will benefit greatly not only from empirical support but also from clearer refinement of its methodology and philosophical foundations. This volume presents the latest work on discourse and interaction from a mental spaces perspective, surely to be of interest to a broad range of researchers in discourse analysis.
Pitmatic: Talk of the North East Coal Field (Wor Language)
By Bill Griffiths
* Publisher:Northumbria University Press
* Number Of Pages:274
* Publication Date:2007-08-01
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:1904794254
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9781904794257
Product Description:
This is more than just a collection of mining terms. It is an heartfelt attempt to bring together the words spoken by miners of the North East pits and how they relate to the wider language-world of the region and its literature of story and song. Pitmatic brings together pit literature - its words, jokes, stories and songs - that is fast disappearing and helps attest to the remarkable vitality of the region's dialect and the inventiveness of its speakers.
The last major mine in the North East region closed in 2005 and with it went away of life. Through dialect words, humour, stories and songs Pitmatic: The Talk of the North East Coalfield will help you to understand the working and everyday lives of miners. Miners who provided fuel, helped sustain an economy, consolidated communities and created a unique and rich regional culture.
Bill Griffiths is the author of the critically acclaimed A Dictionary of North East Dialect and Stotty `n' Spice Cake: The Story of North East Cooking. Pitmatic is his heartfelt attempt to bring together the words spoken by these miners and their families and how they relate to the wider language-world of the region and its literature of story and song.
"The welcome arrival of the book Pitmatic captures a unique dialect of Northern coalmining. Pitmatic is a language within a language developed by coal miners as their own form of communication both below and above ground. First noted in the 1870s Pitmatic is, with the closure of the coalfield, fast disappearing. Bill Griffiths has rescued for posterity this distinctive cultural tradition".
Bill Lancaster, historian and Director of the Centre for Northern Studies
Teaching Languages to Young Learners (Cambridge Language Teaching Library)
By Lynne Cameron
* Publisher:Cambridge University Press
* Number Of Pages:274
* Publication Date:2001-04-02
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:0521774349
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780521774345
Product Description:
Recent years have seen rapid growth in the numbers of children being taught foreign languages at younger ages. While course books aimed at young learners are appearing on the market, there is scant theoretical reference in the teacher education literature. This book is one of the few to develop readers' understanding of what happens in classrooms where children are being taught a foreign language. It will offer teachers and trainers a coherent theoretical framework to structure thinking about children's language learning. The book gives practical advice on how to analyse and evaluate classroom activities, language use and language development. Examples from classrooms in Europe and Asia will help bring alive the realities of working with young learners of English.
Spatial Language and Dialogue (Explorations in Language and Space)
By Kenny R. Coventry, Thora Tenbrink, John Bateman
* Publisher:Oxford University Press, USA
* Number Of Pages:288
* Publication Date:2009-06-22
* ISBN-10 / ASIN:019955420X
* ISBN-13 / EAN:9780199554201
Product Description:
This book considers how people talk about the location of objects and places. Spatial language has occupied many researchers across diverse fields, such as linguistics, psychology, GIScience, architecture, and neuroscience. However, the vast majority of work in this area has examined spatial language in monologue situations, and often in highly artificial and restricted settings. Yet there is a growing recognition in the language research community that dialogue rather than monologue should be a starting point for language understanding. Hence, the current zeitgeist in both language research and robotics/AI demands an integrated examination of spatial language in dialogue settings. The present volume provides such integration for the first time and reports on the latest developments in this important field. Written in a way that will appeal to researchers across disciplines from graduate level upwards, the book sets the agenda for future research in spatial conceptualization and communication.
Contents
Preface vii
Notes on Contributors viii
1 Introduction—Spatial Language and Dialogue: Navigating
the Domain 1
Kenny R. Coventry, Thora Tenbrink, and John Bateman
2 Why Dialogue Methods are Important for Investigating Spatial
Language 8
Matthew E. Watson, Martin J. Pickering, and Holly P. Branigan
3 Spatial Dialogue between Partners with Mismatched Abilities 23
Michael F. Schober
4 Consistency in Successive Spatial Utterances 40
Constanze Vorwerg
5 An Interactionally Situated Analysis ofWhat Prompts Shift in the
Motion Verbs Come and Go in a Map Task 56
Anna Filipi and Roger Wales
6 Perspective Alignment in Spatial Language 70
Luc Steels and Martin Loetzsch
7 Formulating Spatial Descriptions across Various
Dialogue Contexts 89
Laura A. Carlson and Patrick L. Hill
8 Identifying Objects in English and German: a Contrastive
Linguistic Analysis of Spatial Reference 104
Thora Tenbrink
9 Explanations in Gesture, Diagram, andWord 119
Barbara Tversky, Julie Heiser, Paul Lee, and Marie-Paule Daniel
10 A Computational Model for the Representation and Processing of
Shape in Coverbal Iconic Gestures 132
Timo Sowa and Ipke Wachsmuth
11 Knowledge Representation for Generating Locating Gestures in
Route Directions 147
Kristina Striegnitz, Paul Tepper, Andrew Lovett, and Justine Cassell
vi Contents
12 Grounding Information in Route Explanation Dialogues 166
Philippe Muller and Laurent Prévot
13 Telling RollandWhere to Go: HRI Dialogues on Route Navigation 177
Shi Hui and Thora Tenbrink
References 191
Name Index 207
Subject Index 211
Preface
This book emerged from the Workshop on Spatial Language and Dialogue, organized
at the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies, Delmenhorst, Germany, in
October 2005. The function of the workshop was to bring together researchers
working in the fields of spatial language and dialogue in recognition of a distinct
paucity of research in this area in spite of its obvious importance. We would
like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant no.
EP/D033691/1 awarded to Kenny Coventry), the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg, and
the DFG—SFB/TR8 Spatial Cognition Research Centre for jointly funding this
workshop. We are most grateful to the programme committee, Laura Carlson,
Christian Freksa, Simon Garrod, Christopher Habel, Michael Schober, Barbara
Tversky, and Emile van der Zee, who all played an active role critiquing and
selecting papers, and to additional reviewers who also provided helpful comments
for each chapter. Also we are indebted to Wolfgang Stenzel and his colleagues
at the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg, who facilitated the organization of the
workshop, and to Emile van der Zee (series editor) and the editorial team at
Oxford University Press for ensuring a smooth delivery of this volume. Finally,
thanks go to David Smailes for assistance with the formatting. We hope you
enjoy it!
Kenny Coventry
Thora Tenbrink
John Bateman