运动有可能加速前列腺肿瘤的生长
Exercise May Lead To Faster Prostate Tumor GrowthScienceDaily (Apr. 14, 2008) — Prostate tumors grew more quickly in mice who exercised than in those who did not, leading to speculation that exercise may increase blood flow to tumors, according to a new study by researchers in the Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center (DCCC) and the Duke Prostate Center.
科学日报（2008.04.14）－杜克大学综合癌症中心（DCCC）和杜克大学前列腺中心的一项新研究表明，运动较多的小鼠其前列腺肿瘤生长速度要快于那些不运动的小鼠，猜测其原因可能是运动增加了肿瘤组织的血流量。
\"Our study showed that exercise led to significantly greater tumor growth than a more sedentary lifestyle did, in this mouse model,\" said Lee Jones, Ph.D., a researcher in the DCCC and senior investigator on this study. \"Our thought is that we may, in the future, be able to use this finding to design better drug delivery models to more effectively treat prostate cancer patients, and those with other types of cancer as well.\"
DCCC的研究者、该项研究的高级研究员Lee Jones博士说“在该小鼠模型里，我们的研究表明，与久坐不动的生活方式相比，运动导致了肿瘤生长速度明显加快。我们认为在不久的将来，利用这一发现，可以设计更好的药物输送模式，以便更有效地治疗前列腺癌症患者和其他癌症患者。”
The researchers implanted prostate tumors subcutaneously in the flanks of 50 mice and then put half of the mice in cages with exercise wheels and half in cages with no wheels. All mice were fed the same diet. On average, the exercising mice ran more than half a mile each day.
研究者在50只小鼠皮下的两侧植入前列腺肿瘤，然后在一半的小鼠笼子里安装运动轮子，另一半不安装，所有的小鼠喂养相同的饲料。运动组的小鼠比另一组平均每天多跑半英里的距离。
\"We found that among the mice that had the opportunity to voluntarily exercise, tumors grew approximately twice as fast as they did among the mice that did not have the opportunity to exercise,\" Jones said.
Jones说“我们发现，运动组的小鼠其肿瘤生长速度大约是不运动组的两倍。”
Researchers and clinicians know that a challenge in delivering chemotherapy and radiation to tumors can be their poor blood flow, so these findings may hint at a way in which to improve blood flow to tumors, perhaps then allowing for better distribution of medicine, he said.
研究人员和临床医生都明白，化疗和放疗药物输送的一项重要作用就是能使肿瘤组织的血流量降低，因此，这项研究结果很可能向我们暗示一种能增加肿瘤组织血流量的方法，或许，通过该方法，我们能够找到更好的药物分配的方法。
\"We're wondering, can we combine exercise with treatments such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy or radiation, to maximize the results we achieve in prostate cancer patients,\" Jones said. \"That question will be the subject of subsequent studies.\"
“为达对前列腺癌病人治疗的最佳效果，我们是否该把运动和化疗放疗结合起来，对于这一点，我们很困惑。”
The researchers are currently conducting a validation study, in mice, in which tumors are injected directly into the prostate, thereby better simulating human prostate cancer, Jones said.
研究人员目前正在对小鼠模型进行一项确认性的实验――把肿瘤细胞直接植入小鼠前列腺，从而更好的模拟人类前列腺癌。
\"Down the line, we will test this hypothesis in humans undergoing medical treatment for prostate cancer,\" he said.
我们将在正在接受医学治疗的前列腺癌症患者身上再次验证这一假设。
The researchers want to caution men against interpreting these findings as an endorsement for not exercising for fear of getting or exacerbating cancer.
研究者们告诫男性，不要把该项研究结果解释成因为害怕得癌或者癌症加剧，而不运动的借口。
\"These mice were not receiving treatment and we were allowing aggressive tumors to grow unchecked for the sake of the experiment,\" said study investigator Freedland, a urologist at Duke. \"Patients would not find themselves in the same situation.\"
杜克大学的泌尿科医生、该研究调查人Freedland说：“为实验考虑，我们没有对这些小鼠进行任何的治疗，任由具有侵略性的肿瘤不受抑制的生长。在病人不可能身处相同的状况。”
Concerns should also be overridden by the well-established benefits of exercise, including its positive effects on cardiovascular health, Type II diabetes, obesity, and many other chronic conditions, he said.
对该研究结果的关切应该建立在运动锻炼的优点之上，包括运动对心血管健康、二型糖尿病、肥胖等慢性疾病的有利作用。
\"This study gives us insight into which cellular pathways are affected by exercise, and starts to give us clues about how to harness the beneficial effects,\" said Michael Potter, a medical student at Duke and lead investigator on the study. \"Ultimately, we hope that this knowledge will help us use exercise to both deliver medicines more effectively and protect the body from the harmful side effects of treatment, as we already know it can.\"
杜克大学的医学生该研究的主要调查者Michael Potter 说“这项研究使我们洞察到运动会影响细胞通路，并且给我们提供了线索，如何利用运动的有益影响。最终，我们希望这方面的知识会帮助我们利用运动使药物更有效的输送，以及保护人体免受已知的治疗副作用。”
This is one of the first studies to look at the physiological effects of exercise on the tumor itself, rather than examining the quality-of-life or symptom-control effects of exercise in cancer patients, Jones said.
Jones说：“这是第一个研究运动对肿瘤自身的生理效应的调查，并非审视运动对癌症病人的生活品质的影响或观察运动对控制癌症症状的作用。”
\"The findings were a bit surprising, but provide a very important and exciting foundation upon which to build,\" he said.
他说：“调查结果有点出人意料，但提供了一个非常重要、令人兴奋的研究赖以存在的基础。”
The findings were presented in a poster session at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting on April 13 in San Diego, Calif. The study was funded by the United States Department of Defense, the Prostate Cancer Foundation and the American Urological Association Foundation, Rising Star in Urology Award, given to Stephen Freedland, one of the study's investigators.
4月13日在美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥市举行的美国癌症研究学会年度会议上，该研究结果被印刷成了会议海报。研究经费由美国国防部，前列腺癌基金会和美国泌尿科协会基金会提供。泌尿外科上升明星奖，给予这项研究的一名调查员Stephen Freedland。
Other researchers involved in this study include Susan Poulton and Mark Dewhirst.
该研究的其他研究人员还包括Susan Poulton 和 Mark Dewhirst.
Adapted from materials provided by Duke University Medical Center.
改编自杜克大学医学中心提供的材料。
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