天然免疫：HLA变异协助削弱HIV杀伤力
Some people may transmit weaker AIDS virus: study有些人可能传递较弱（毒性）艾滋病病毒：研究报告
LONDON (Reuters) - People with a genetic variation that slows down HIV may also be causing a mutation to the AIDS virus that makes it less potent if transmitted to others, researchers said on Friday.
伦敦（路透社） -遗传变异速度放慢的人可导致艾滋病毒引起基因突变，并且如果传染给其他人时可使其传染的能力减少，有关研究人员在周五说。
The human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS attacks immune system cells. Like other viruses, it cannot replicate on its own but must hijack a cell and turn it into a virus factory. HIV must evade several genes to do this, including an immunity gene called HLA.
引起艾滋病人类免疫缺陷病毒攻击免疫系统细胞。像其他病毒，不能自我复制，而必须劫持一个细胞，并把它变成病毒工厂进行复制。艾滋病毒必须逃跑几个基因的攻击才能做到这一点，包括被称为人类白细胞抗原免疫基因。
\"Some people have versions of the HLA gene that are known to force HIV to tolerate mutations that damage its ability to reproduce,\" Carolyn Williamson and Salim Abdool Karim at the Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa wrote in the Public Library of Science journal PLoS Pathogens.
\"已知有些人有不同人类白细胞抗原基因，这些基因可以使艾滋病毒容忍突变，损伤艾滋病的繁殖能力， \" Carolyn Williamson 和Salim Abdool Karim在南非公共图书馆《科学》杂志关于PLoS病原体艾滋病的研究项目中心写道。
The weaker virus causes slower disease progression in these people. Now it seems this weakened virus may get passed on and act the same way in others -- even if they do not have the protective HLA genes, Williamson told Reuters.
在这些人中较弱的病毒引起的疾病进展缓慢。现在看来，这被削弱了病毒可能通过同样的方式在其他人中传播-即使这些人没有足够的保护性H LA基因，威廉姆森告诉路透社记者。
\"The significant difference to other studies is that this is showing the actual benefit is due to the genetic composition of the virus,\" said Williamson, an AIDS researcher at the University of Cape Town who led the study.
\"与其他研究的显着性差异是，这研究显示的实际好处是导致了该遗传组成的病毒形成， \"一名艾滋病研究者，在开普敦大学领导这项研究的威廉姆森说。
\"This study shows you can have a survival advantage with a virus containing specific genetic signatures associated with lower replication.\"
\"这项研究显示，你可以有一个与含有与低复制相关的特殊基因的标记的病毒的生存的优势\" 。
The South African study tracked 21 women without the beneficial form of HLA who were recently infected with the weakened strain of HIV. The researchers found the women had much lower levels of HIV in the body than those carrying a form of the virus which had not mutated in this way.
在南非追踪研究最近被感染了因突变而减毒的艾滋病毒而且无上述优势人类白细胞抗原的21名妇女。研究人员发现，妇女在体内艾滋病毒水平比那些无突变形式的病毒携带者要低得多的。
\"It is pretty well established if you have certain HLA genes you are better off,\" Williamson said in a telephone interview. \"It is very likely that the virus in the people who did not have the HLA genes came from individuals who did.\"
\"如果你有一定的HLA基因你会身体健康，这是成立的。 \"Williamson在接受电话采访说。 \"不具备特定HLA基因的人体内病毒极有可能是来自其他人\" 。
The researchers followed the women from between one to three years and found that while the levels of HIV in their bodies fell, their number of crucial CD4 T cells that coordinate the immune system rose.
研究人员随后一至三年内观察妇女，发现艾滋病毒水平在他们的体内下降时，他们的一些关键的CD4 T细胞可以增强协调免疫系统。
The goal of treatment is to lower HIV levels to help the immune system renew itself and keep people healthier longer, in part to stem the spread of the virus.
治疗目标是降低艾滋病毒水平，以帮助免疫系统的自我更新，并保持人民较长的健康，部分原因也是为了阻止病毒扩散。
The researchers have not yet studied the women to see how much slower they progressed to full-blown AIDS, but said the findings could help researchers in search of an effective vaccine by understanding better why some survive longer.
研究者还没有研究过对于那些妇女，对于成熟的艾滋病的进展如何发病慢得多，但研究结果可能有助于研究人员寻找一种有效的疫苗更好地理解为什么有些人存活更长的时间。
The AIDS virus infects an estimated 33 million people globally. It has killed 25 million people and there is no cure or vaccine.
在全球范围内艾滋病病毒感染估计有3300万人。它已经杀害了25多万人，目前没有治愈的方法或相关的疫苗。
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