nszyqjl 发表于 2007-11-16 15:34:16

怎样翻译复杂的中文句子

我曾写过一个帖子,介绍如何将一个复杂的英文句子翻译成中文。昨天我收到网友“CQ美眉”的邮件,她请我再写一个帖子,介绍如何将一个复杂的中文句子翻译成英文,也就是再写一个相反的帖子。这位网友还特意给我提供了一个例句,请看下面:

▲每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。我首先将这个中文句子划分成6个部分,请特别注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中间。

▲①每一个人,②作为社会的一个成员,③有权享受 [④其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的] 社会、经济、文化权利,⑤这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,⑥并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

这样划分之后,我初步决定,将第4、5、6部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3部分的最后一个单词rights,请看:

①Everyone

②as a member of society

③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation

⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

不过,在英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此我临时决定,将第4部分改写成一个短语,将第5、6部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:

①Everyone

②as a member of society

③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

最后,将这5个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。

Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
姗姗编辑.

cicerocicero 发表于 2007-11-16 23:50:08

这个句子似乎不象是C-E翻译,而象是E-C翻译。
“每一个人,作为社会的一个成员”,这个句头读来就不大有中文味(现在的确有人写这样的似欧化句子——之所以是“似”,是因为两边都不象)——汉语中,是不会特别处理“一个”这个数量词的。基础操练中,用来提醒学生正确理解翻译中冠词价值的方法与之相似,有兴趣的朋友可以做个小练习:
试翻译并回译这个句子:狗跑得快。

energy118 发表于 2007-11-17 00:07:36

It is....for everyone---as a...----to share ... in order to ...; this ...is realized by...,and it is....

"这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。"用分号来说明前面的比较好

energy118 发表于 2007-11-17 00:40:45

It is authorized for everyone---as a member of this society---to enjoy the necessary rights of society, economy and culture in order to acquire the free developments in personality and dignity; these rights are realized through national efforts and international cooperations,and they should be concordance with the national organization,natural resources and present situation of this country.
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